20对大麦株高近等基因系农艺与产量性状差异及相关性分析

摘要

为培育高产优质啤酒大麦提供理论依据，以20对二棱啤酒大麦株高近等基因系为试材，通过测定其农艺性状和产量性状，探讨近等基因系中半矮秆基因 uzu 对株高、穗长、地上部干质量、单穗粒数、单株粒重和千粒质量等的影响，并进行20个高秆基因系之间、20个矮秆基因系之间的性状差异比较及相关分析。结果表明：除地上部干质量和单穗粒数性状外，高秆基因系（无半矮秆基因 uzu）其他性状均显著或极显著高于矮秆基因系（含半矮秆基因uzu），即半矮秆基因对较多的农艺性状和产量性状能够产生降低作用。相关分析表明：20个高秆基因系中，千粒质量之间的差异最为显著，说明千粒质量对于产量的提升潜力较大；株高与穗下节间长度、穗长呈极显著正相关，与产量性状均呈负相关，但无显著相关性。在20个矮秆基因系中，千粒质量同样差异最为显著；株高与其他性状均无显著相关性，但与千粒质量、单穗粒数呈负相关，与单株粒重呈正相关。%The twenty pairs near-isogenic line of plant height of barley were used as materials to investigate the agronomic and field traits.In order to studied the effect of the semi-dwarfing gene uzu on the traits,difference and correlation of the traits among 20 tall lines,and among 20 dwarf lines were analyzed,including plant height,spike length,dry weight of overground parts,kernel number per spike,grain weight per spike,1 000-kernel weight and etc. In this study,the results showed that tall lines(without uzu)were significant or positively significant higher than those of dwarf lines(with uzu)in all traits,in addition to dry weight of overground parts and kernel number per spike,which meant that the semi-dwarfing gene could generate the reduction of most agronomic and field traits.In 20 tall lines,the most significant difference was 1 000-kernel weight.Correlation analysis showed that plant height was highly significant positive correlation with internode length,spike length,and which was not significantly nega-tively correlated with yield traits.In 20 dwarf lines,1 000-kernel weight also was the most significant difference a-mong the yield traits;Plant height was not only negatively correlated with 1 000-kernel weight and kernel number per spike,but also positively correlated with grain weight per spike.