苹果栽培品种的SSR鉴定及遗传多样性分析

摘要

Genetic diversity is important for breeding programs.Twelve SSR markers were screened to amplify micro-satellites for genetic analysis in 40 apple cultivars.114 alleles, averaging 9.5 alleles at each locus, were obtained.The heterozygosity of loci was among 0.237 8 and 0.682 7, genetic diversity index was 0.534 4.40 cultivars can be distinguished completely by 3 pairs SSR primers (Hi01c11,Hi03d06 and GD162).Cluster analysis revealed that similarity coefficients (SC) were among 0.705 and 0.982 in the 40 apple cultivars, showing a high genetic diversity in apple cultivars, but SC was low in the related cultivars.All 40 cultivars can be clustered into 5 groups at 0.862, which was similar to that of their pedigree data.%应用SSR技术对40个苹果栽培品种进行遗传多样性分析,12对SSR引物扩增出114个等位基因,平均每个位点9.5个,位点杂合度为0.237 8～0.682 7,遗传多样性指数为0.534 4.用3对引物(Hi01c11、Hi03d06和GD162)可将供试的40个品种完全区分开.聚类分析结果显示,40个苹果品种的相似系数的变化范围为0.705～0.982,表现出较高的遗传多样性.供试品种在相似系数0.862处被分为5大类群,与品种的系谱来源基本吻合.