利用微卫星标记分析3个鹅品种的遗传多样性

摘要

In order to study the origin relationship of Yili and Grey goose, this paper used microsatellite markers to analyse the genetic diversity of three goose breeds, i.e. Yili, Grey and African wild goose. The results show that 5 microsatellite loci among 3 breeds'mean expected heterozygosity was 0.513 5-0.644 7, and the average value of PIC (polymorphism information content) was 0.425 8-0.588 3. The mean heterozygosity reflects the rich diversity. It is the highest in the African wild goose (0.573 7), the lowest in Yili goose (0. 546 6). The order of the heterozygosity is almost consistent with that of PIC. The Nei's genetic distances suggest the longer differentiation. The UPGMA tree was obtained through analysis of Nei's standard genetic distance. In the tree, Yili and Grey are grouped together then gathered with the African wild goose.%为进一步验证伊犁鹅与非洲雁的起源,以伊犁鹅、灰雁、非洲雁为对象,利用微卫星标记技术对3个鹅品种资源的遗传多样性进行研究.结果表明,5对微卫星引物在3个品种的平均期望杂合度(He)为0.513 5～0.644 7,平均多态性信息含量(PIC)为0.425 8～0.588 3.3个品种的平均杂合度都较高,非洲雁最高(0.573 7),伊犁鹅最低(0.546 6),说明各鹅品种的杂合度和遗传多样性水平都较高,而且杂合度的高低与PIC的大小有较高的一致性.通过计算Nei's标准遗传距离发现,3个品种的遗传距离较远;UPGMA聚类结果将新疆的伊犁鹅和灰雁聚为一类,再与非洲雁聚到一起.