9种植保机械防治小麦穗蚜的农药沉积率与效果比较

摘要

In order to study the control effect of common crop protection machineries,the effective deposition rate and control effect of 9 kinds of crop protection machineries were measured for controlling wheat aphids by droplet deposition distribution,droplet size detection,field investigation and so on.The results showed that the electric sprayer,the knapsack motor sprayer and the self-propelled sprayer could achieve the high effective deposition percentage,and its deposition rate reached by 51.4％-63.7％.The control effect of the single rotary wing unmanned aircraft and ground crop protection machinery reached to 80％,it was better than other aviation crop protection machinery;a selfpropelled boom sprayer was suitable for large area in traditional specialized control.The low altitude and low volume spray drift prevention technologies,study on special pesticide adjuvant and pesticide formulation should be intensified.%为研究常用植保机械对农作物病虫防治的应用效果,采用雾滴沉积分布、粒径大小检测和田间调查等方法,对9种常用植保机械防治小麦穗蚜的农药沉积率和效果进行测定.结果表明:电动喷雾器、机动弥雾机和自走式喷杆喷雾机沉积率较高,达到51.4％～63.7％;单旋翼无人机和地面喷雾机械防治效果达到80％以上,优于其他低空低量植保机械;在专业化统防统治作业中,自走式喷杆喷雾机适宜大面积推广使用;低空低量喷雾防漂移技术、专用助剂、农药剂型等需加大研发力度.