Polycomb Group蛋白复合体与干细胞的发育调控

摘要

Polycomb group (PcG) proteins are a family of epigenetic regulators responsible for the repression of genes in proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. PcG protein complex consists of two important epigenetic regulators:PRC1 ( polycomb repressive complex 1) and PRC2 ( polycomb repressive complex 2). In order to further understand the functions of PcG proteins in stem cell growth and differentiation, we review the PcG protein composition, PcG protein localization in the target gene, PcG protein recruitment, and the functions of PcG proteins in the development of stem cells.%Polycomb group (PcG)蛋白是表观遗传调控因子中一个非常重要的家族,参与维持特定基因的沉默,在调控干细胞增殖与分化的过程中起着非常重要的作用.PcG蛋白可通过形成不同的蛋白复合物引起不同的染色质修饰来调控干细胞的生命活动,其复合物主要包括两个重要的表观遗传调控因子:PRC1 (polycomb repressive complex 1)和PRC2( polycomb repressive complex 2).为了阐明PcG蛋白在干细胞增殖与分化中的调控作用,本文分别从PcG蛋白复合体的组成、在靶基因中的定位、募集和在干细胞发育中的调控等方面进行了综述,旨在为进一步研究干细胞的发育调控机制提供理论依据.