3D Reconstruction of Left Ventricle with Mitral and Aortic Valves from Multiple Axis 2D Echocardiography at Standard Cross Sections and Flow Simulations

摘要

The function of the left ventricle (LV) is to pump oxygenated blood from the lungs to the rest of the body through systemic circulation. Heart's health has been critically associated with the LV geometry, motion, and the ventricular flow. To have a more physical reconstructed surface, in this work, the smoothing algorithm as well as the assumption regarding the motion of apex of the LV has been altered compared to the previous automated method for the three-dimensional reconstruction of the LV. The mitral and aortic valve surfaces have been reconstructed from the 2D echocardiographs and the geometry is closed and made viable for CFD simulations. The mitral valve is reconstructed using the data from both short and long-axis sections. The reconstruction methods for the LV and the valves are devised and the models are output in a standard VTK format, to be easily incorporated into numerical simulations. For the valve reconstruction the pre-recorded echocardiographs are pre-processed so as to have inputs for the reconstruction process of the valves. The methodology uses viable sections for the reconstruction process of the valves. Numerical simulations for the ventricular flow have been done with the reconstructed surfaces, and the effect of mitral valve on diastolic filling patterns, the effect of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) on diastolic filling of LV, and the effect of various smoothing algorithms used while performing the reconstruction on flow simulations has been studied.