Tauhi va: Creating beauty through the art of sociospatial relations.

摘要

People and cultures arrange time and space in multiple and diverse ways. In Tonga, artists mark time (ta) in a symmetrical fashion to create beauty (faka'ofo'ofa, malie). This artistic marking of time (ta) in space (va) is displayed in the geometrical designs (kupesi) that adorn Tongan tattoos, carvings, fine mats, barkcloths, and sennit lashings. Furthermore, this time-space arrangement is expressed in the rhythmic patterns that define Tongan drumbeats, music, dance movements, and poetic compositions. Tauhi va, the Tongan art of sociospatial relations, also marks time (ta) in a symmetrical form in space (va). Specifically, it arranges time through the mutual performance (ta) of social duties (fatongia). The mutuality of the performance creates symmetry, and symmetry gives rise to beautiful sociospatial relations (valelei). This study examines the tauhi va practices of Tongans in Lahaina, Maui. It uses the general ta-v a "time-space" theory of reality---developed by 'Okusitino Mahina---to analyze the spatiotemporal order of tauhi va and to examine the symmetry (potupotutatau) and harmonious beauty (malie) that are created within the practice of tauhi va. It also explores the asymmetrical (potupotukehekche) marking of time (ta) in sociospatial relations (v a) as well as the formation of disharmony (tamaki). This research takes a different approach from previous studies on tauhi v a. It examines the form and aesthetic of tauhi va rather than its function and role in society. Moreover, it conceptualizes tauhi va as a performing art that transforms time (t a) and space (va) to create beauty (faka'ofo'ofa, malie). Lastly, it argues that beauty evokes feelings of warmth (mafana), elation (hakailangitau), or honor (langilangi) among the performers of tauhi v a.