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The combined effects of forest fragmentation and elevation on species richness, behavior, and ecology of social Hymenoptera in Costa Rica.

机译:森林破碎化和海拔升高对哥斯达黎加社会膜翅目物种丰富度,行为和生态的综合影响。

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摘要

Forest fragmentation and elevation affect the ecology and distribution of organisms. Temperature and vegetation both change as elevation either increases or decreases. Similarly, forest fragmentation does not occur equally among elevations due to differing anthropogenic pressures at different elevations. This differential fragmentation creates highly unnaturally heterogeneous habitats that may alter patterns of species richness and community ecology. In tropical areas, in particular those areas that encompass a dynamic elevational range, directional climate change is a threat to organisms that exist among several elevations. Social insects are used as test subjects for this dissertation. Social insects in tropical areas have a high species richness that is well catalogued. They are also highly ecologically successful and fairly easy to locate. Social insects are physiologically sensitive to climate change by being prone to desiccation and therefore may not be able to migrate within and among elevations. Contained within this dissertation are three separate chapters. Chapter 1 is titled: Elevation and forest clearing effects on foraging differ between surface and subterranean army ants (Formicidae: Ecitoninae. Chapter 2 is titled: Fragmentation and elevation effects on bird-army ant interactions in neotropical montane forest of Costa Rica. Chapter 3 is titled: Elevational patterns of diversity and abundance of eusocial paper wasps (Vespidae) in Costa Rica. Contained within the chapters is evidence of elevational patterns that are affected by forest fragmentation.
机译:森林破碎化和海拔升高会影响生物的生态和分布。温度和植被都随海拔升高或降低而变化。同样,由于不同海拔的人为压力不同,海拔之间的森林破碎也不一样。这种差异性的破碎会造成高度不自然的异质生境,这可能会改变物种丰富度和社区生态的格局。在热带地区,尤其是那些包含海拔高度动态范围的地区,定向气候变化是对存在于多个海拔高度中的生物的威胁。本文以社交昆虫为实验对象。热带地区的社交昆虫具有很高的物种丰富度,已被充分分类。它们在生态上也很成功,并且很容易找到。社交昆虫易于干燥,因此对气候变化具有生理敏感性,因此可能无法在海拔内和海拔之间迁移。本论文分为三章。第1章的标题为:海拔和森林砍伐对觅食的影响在地表蚂蚁和地下军蚁之间有所不同(Formicidae:Ecitoninae。第2章的标题为:哥斯达黎加新热带山地森林中鸟类和蚂蚁相互作用的破碎和海拔效应。第3章是标题为:哥斯达黎加真社会纸类蜂(Vespidae)的多样性和丰富度的上升模式,各章中包含了受森林破碎化影响的海拔模式的证据。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kumar, Anjali.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Washington.;

  • 授予单位 University of Washington.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.;Biology Entomology.;Biology Zoology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 75 p.
  • 总页数 75
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生态学(生物生态学);动物学;昆虫学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:45

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