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Identification of potential mechanism(s) of resistance of selected Kentucky bluegrasses to black cutworm.

机译:确定所选肯塔基州草对黑墨鱼抗性的潜在机制。

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摘要

The objective of this study was to identify the mechanism(s) of resistance of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) and a hybrid 'Reveille' between Kentucky bluegrass and Texas bluegrass (Poa parachnifera) to black cutworm. Various laboratory assays and chemical analyses were conducted to determine effect of the turfgrassess on development, survival, and behavior of black cutworm, Agrotis ipsilon Hufnagel. Choice and non-choice bioassays were conducted to determine antixenosis and antibiosis effects of the turfgrasses against black cutworm. There were significant antixenosis and antibiosis effects on black cutworm. Black cutworm reared on Kentucky bluegrasses and 'Reveille' exhibited significantly poor development and survival compared to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) 'Penncross', a known susceptible host. In addition, black cutworm larvae highly preferred creeping bentgrass over Kentucky bluegrasses and the hybrid 'Reveille'.;Effect of plant age (i.e., 60d vs. > lyr after planting seeds) was investigated to determine the difference of black cutworm development. Black cutworm larvae reared on young Kentucky bluegrass cultivars 'Challenger', 'Midnight', and 'South Dakota' exhibited comparable development of larvae fed creeping bentgrass. Leaf toughness study revealed that young tissues of Kentucky bluegrasses and 'Reveille' had significantly lower tissue toughness compared to other respective turfgrass types. When black cutworm was reared on artificial diet made of pure ground-turfgrass tissues, larval development and survival were dramatically improved. However, crude extracts of turfgrasses did not adversely affect black cutworm development. Cell wall components, such as dry matter (DM), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), lignin, ash, and total nitrogen, were investigated to determine the effect leaf toughness and black cutworm development. Acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and lignin were responsible for increased leaf toughness and slow larval development. Nutritional indices tests revealed that black cutworm consumed more creeping bentgrass tissues (i.e., susceptible host) compared to Kentucky bluegrasses and the hybrid 'Reveille'. Consequently, black cutworm reared on creeping bentgrass exhibited better development compared to others. Black cutworm larval stage was critical in rate of consumption and utilization of food.
机译:这项研究的目的是确定肯塔基州早熟禾(Poa pratensis)以及肯塔基州早熟禾和德克萨斯州早熟禾(Poa parachnifera)之间的杂交“ Reveille”对黑地老虎的抗性机制。进行了各种实验室分析和化学分析,以确定草皮草对黑地老虎Agrotis ipsilon Hufnagel的发育,存活和行为的影响。进行选择和非选择生物测定法来确定草皮草对黑墨鱼的抗氧合和抗生物作用。对黑地老虎有明显的抗氧化和抗微生物作用。与已知的易感寄主蠕虫bent草(Agrostis stolonifera)'Penncross'相比,在肯塔基州蓝草上饲养的黑地老虎和'Reveille'的发育和生存能力明显差。此外,黑角虫幼虫比肯塔基州的早熟禾和'Reveille'杂种更优先选择creep草。研究了植物年龄(即种子播种后<60d对> lyr)的影响,以确定黑角虫发育的差异。在肯塔基州早熟禾新品种“挑战者”,“午夜”和“南达科他州”饲养的黑鳞虫幼虫表现出与幼虫喂食的bent草相似的发育。叶片韧性研究表明,肯塔基州早熟禾和'Reveille'的年轻组织比其他各自的草坪草类型具有明显更低的组织韧性。当用纯地面草皮组织制成的人工饮食饲养黑色墨鱼时,幼虫的发育和生存能力得到了显着改善。但是,草皮草的粗提物不会对黑鳞虫的发育产生不利影响。研究了细胞壁成分,例如干物质(DM),酸性洗涤剂纤维(ADF),中性洗涤剂纤维(NDF),木质素,灰分和总氮,以确定对叶片韧性和黑鳞虫发育的影响。酸性去污剂纤维,中性去污剂纤维和木质素是导致叶片韧性增强和幼虫发育缓慢的原因。营养指数测试表明,与肯塔基州的早熟禾和杂种'Reveille'相比,黑地老虎消耗了更多的creep生的早熟禾组织(即易感宿主)。因此,与其他植物相比,在蠕动的草丛上饲养的黑地老虎表现出更好的发育。黑鳞虫幼虫期对食物的消费和利用速度至关重要。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hong, Seung Cheon (Steve).;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
  • 学科 Biology Entomology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2008
  • 页码 114 p.
  • 总页数 114
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 昆虫学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:49

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