Mobile phones' human-machine interface nowadays becomes more complicated and thus a new and more effective mobile phones interface design is necessary to improve users' ability to fully interact with their mobile phones. In recent years, camera-based motion sensing mobile interaction method is getting popular among the manufacturers and researchers worldwide. The main challenges of this camera-based motion sensing interaction system for mobile phones are the efficiency and sensitivity of the motion sensing technique. Thus, the main intentions of this thesis are to study the existing camera-based motion sensing techniques and to propose an efficient camera-based motion sensing technique for mobile phones user interaction design.;In the first part of this thesis, the performance of the existing camera-based motion sensing algorithms are discussed and compared. Subsequently, a unique and efficient motion sensing technique for camera-based mobile phones interaction is proposed. In the proposed motion sensing technique, good feature block is first obtained by exploiting region-based search method with Simplified First-Order Image Derivative (SFOID) as the gradient measure. The proposed motion sensing technique is then followed by Optimal-Search Block Matching Algorithm (OBMA), which is able to reduce the total search steps by optimally assign the search windows. Apart from OBMA, Shifted Search Window Block Matching Algorithm (SSWBMA) is proposed to be an alternative solution for block matching. After obtaining a set of estimated motion vectors from BMA, a global motion vector has to be determined. The proposed Smart Global Motion Estimation (SGME) first analyzes the estimated motion vector, followed by generating a dominant 2-D global motion vector.;The performance of the proposed motion sensing technique is benchmarked against existing camera-based motion sensing techniques. As part of the research work, a new mobile phone graphic user interface (GUI) design that fully utilises the advantages of this camera-based motion sensing system was developed and user acceptability test was carried out.
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