Design guidelines for integrating amphibian habitat into golf course landscapes.

摘要

Amphibian populations have been declining worldwide due to a number of environmental and human factors, the primary cause being habitat destruction and fragmentation. Golf courses present a valuable opportunity to provide amphibian habitat as both terrestrial and aquatic environments necessary for population persistence are commonly found within course layouts. Through key informant interviews, golf course architects and superintendents described the most suitable areas within the course layout to integrate naturalized habitat areas. A set of design guidelines was synthesized from the interviews and literature review and applied to the design of a golf course in the Golden Beach Resort, near Rice Lake, Ontario. The design was evaluated from ecological, golf course architecture and maintenance perspectives to assess the appropriateness of the design. By understanding and respecting aspects of the game which influence the spatial arrangement of natural areas, golf courses can provide critical habitat and support diverse amphibian populations.