Strategie de maintenance optimale du parc de locomotives de Transrail.

摘要

Transrail is the company which exploits at present the railroads between Dakar (in Senegal) and Bamako (in Mali) a 1288 kilometers long metric gauge track. Two of the characteristics of the transport systems are the impossibility of constituting an inventory of voyages and the loss of a part or totality of the time of production devoted to the voyages during which the production equipment breaks down before arriving at destination; that return the maintenance strategy implantation more important in this case. It is then necessary to maintain the transport engines availability around a sufficient value that permits the transport system to answer the request satisfactorily.;With an aim of having models of maintenance reflecting better reality by the elimination of certain important simplifying assumptions, this memory jointly uses the simulation, the planning and the statistical analysis of experiment for the optimization of maintenance strategies.;Particularly, this memory aims at finding the optimum maintenance strategy of Transrail Engines Park's, by determining the type of maintenance strategy and the optimal values of the factors for whose depend performance measurements. Initially the two performance measurements are the annual average availability and the annual average cost of maintenance and in the second time the performance measurement is the global desirability obtained by giving various weights to each one of these first two measurements. With this intention, the four maintenance strategies selected are: the age replacement strategy, the block replacement strategy, the extended block replacement strategy and a fourth maintenance strategy obtained by integrating the availability of teams of maintenance into the age replacement strategy. Thus, for each one of these four maintenance strategies the optimal values of its decision variables and the corresponding optimal values of the answer variables are given. Lastly, the age type maintenance strategy combining with the availability of the personnel of maintenance giving the best values of these last was regarded as the best maintenance strategy, followed by the age type maintenance strategy in second place, that of block extended type in third place and finally the block type maintenance strategy in the last.;Keywords. maintenance strategies, multi-objective optimization, simulation, personnel of maintenance, joint optimization.;The problems approached by this memory are the integration of the availability of two important resources of maintenance that are the equipments of replacement and the teams of maintenances, as well as the taking into account in the model of preventive maintenance several operations of different importance.