Three-dimensional patterned self-assembling, untethered microdevices.

摘要

The research described in this body of work is unique in its focus on the self-assembly of hollow, untethered, mobile, and patterned microstructures. Traditional microfabrication paradigms have been limited to two dimensions (2D), or quasi-three dimensions at best (where one dimension remains unpatterned), even though macroscale engineering is 3D. Thus, different fabrication strategies are required to enable the microscale engineering of three dimensionally (3D) patterned objects.;Self-assembly provides a path for developing cost- and time-saving methods which enable the fabrication of truly 3D patterned structures. This body of work discusses and demonstrates two methods, surface tension-driven assembly and patterned thin film stress-driven assembly in particular, which I have successfully used to mass-produce microscale 3D structures in the form of: (1) Precisely-engineered, patterned, hollow particles and containers (2) Mobile, self-loading containers (3) Remotely-triggered and guided microgrippers. These 3D structures can be used in a wide range of applications which include, but are not limited to: (1) Nanoliter, controlled porosity containers for use in (a) reconfigurable microfluidics (b) spatially controlled chemistry (c) remote-controlled release of chemicals. (2) 3D-patterned, mobile microwells for cell culture and embryonic studies (3) Mobile microtools for capture and retrieval in hard-to-reach places and minimally invasive microsurgical procedures.;Though it is hard to say where these technologies will lead, one of the end goals of this research is to develop and demonstrate a robust platform that can serve as the foundation for microscale machines with functionality enhanced far beyond what is currently available. It is no longer too far fetched to imagine autonomous miniature machines that are triggered with high specificity to accomplish tasks, similar to those envisioned by Richard Feynman in his classic 1959 talk, There's plenty of room at the bottom.