Activites antidiabetiques et neuroprotectrices du jus de bleuet biostransforme.

摘要

Blueberry demonstrates therapeutic potential against cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. These desirable effects are thought to involve abundant phenolic compounds in blueberry such as anthocyanins and flavonoids. Blueberry juice biotransformation by Serratia vaccinii bacteria increases its phenolics content, its antioxidant activity and modifies its physiological properties. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the neuroprotection activity and the antidiabetic potential of biostranformed blueberry juice (BJ). BJ was studied for: (1) Protection of neurons (N2a) against oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide; (2) Stimulation of glucose uptake by muscle cells (C2C12) and adipocytes (3T3-L1); (3) Anti-hyperglycemic activity in diabetic obese KKAy mice. Indeed, whereas normal blueberry juice did not show any effect, BJ increased antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase, SOD) and protected neurons against modifications in MAPKs pathways and toxicity induced by hydrogen peroxide. BJ also increased glucose uptake by 48% in C2C12 cells and by 142% in 3T3-L1 cells. Enhanced glucose uptake could not be explained by an increase of cytosolic calcium but was related to the stimulation of AMPK phosphorylation. Moreover, BJ inhibited 3T3-L1 adiopogenesis. BJ also reduced hyperglycemia of obese diabetic KKA y mice and protected pre-diabetic young mice against the development of obesity and diabetes mellitus. The anti-hyperglycemic effect of BJ may involve adipokine pathways since BJ increased adiponectin levels in diabetic mice. Thus, BJ represents a promising approach for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus and possibly neurogenerative diseases as well as a source of novel therapeutic agents against these disorders.;Keywords: diabetes, obesity, adiponectin, antioxidant, neuroprotection, blueberry juice, Serratia vaccinii, biotransformation.