Geomechanical Properties of the Montney and Sulphur Mountain Formations

摘要

Accurate modelling of hydraulic fracturing is critical for improving the cost efficiency and societal acceptance of unconventional hydrocarbon exploitation. This thesis investigates the geomechanical inputs required to improve hydraulic fracturing using X-Ray fluorescence, helium pyncnometry, microhardness, point load strength testing, unconfined compressive strength testing, Brazilian testing, multi-stage triaxial testing, and ultrasonic pulse transmission. The Montney Formation and its outcrop equivalent, the Sulphur Mountain Formation, are studied. Static and dynamic experimental results are interpreted and compared using a transversely isotropic framework. The Sulphur Mountain samples were more brittle and heterogeneous than Montney samples, which were harder and failed in a more stable fashion. Heterogeneity was a stronger control on failure, strength, and elastic constants than anisotropy caused by layering. Complex failure mechanisms were observed in Brazilian and triaxial tests and yielded insights into fracture propagation processes, inhomogeneity, and stress concentrations.