Kinematic sequence variables and their relationship to impact conditions in elite male and female golfers

摘要

As female popularity steadily increases in the golf industry, noticeable differences have been seen amongst genders. To get a better understanding of these differences, this studied investigated differences in the downswing kinematic sequence variables in both male and female elite golfers. Though kinematics sequencing of body rotation is arguably one of the most important factors in the golf swing, it also happens to be one of the most difficult components to analyze. Therefore, with the help of 3D technology, this study quantified each of the 4 segments (pelvis, torso, lead arm, and club) for 1) peak velocity, 2) time from peak velocity to impact, and 3) time from transiting to impact. In addition to finding differences between genders, this study also investigated correlations between kinematic variables and 3 performance variables (club head speed, ball speed, and smash factor). Of the 15 variables that were examined, 7 showed to be significantly different in males and females. When looking at peak velocities in each of the segments, the lead arm and club were shown to be higher in males. It was also discovered that peak time to impact of the pelvis happened sooner in males, while females peaked sooner in the lead arm. Lastly, transitioning of the pelvis and club were initiated much sooner in the downswing in males than females. Among the performance variables, males had significantly higher club head and ball speeds, whereas the smash factor showed no differences. When finding correlations, it was revealed that higher club velocities and later club transitioning in the downswing lead to higher club head and ball speeds. Further understanding of the differences between genders and the factors lead to optimal performances will help golfers achieve greater successes in the game.