Gender-differentiated Innovations in Response to Climate Change: Evidence from Smallholder Agriculture in 4 countries in East Africa.

摘要

We investigate gender differentiated innovations regarding maize production among households in Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda. We find that innovation is positively influenced by access to information assets and on farm water, amount of land, and number of income sources, with Kenya and Tanzania generally having more innovations than Uganda. The most common reasons cited for innovations are improving land productivity and availability, responding to amounts and patterns of rainfall, and increasing crop yields. Some types of innovations vary depending on which gender is responsible for production. Males and females have, respectively, positive and negative impacts on some innovations. Moreover, for some types of innovations, when men, or both men and women, receive forecast information, there is more innovation relative to households that received no information. However, in households where women receive information, some types of innovations decrease. Results also show that some gendered headship structures influence some innovations.