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The Elastohydrodynamics of a Simplified Model of Human Birth

机译:简化的人类出生模型的弹性流体动力学

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摘要

With a view towards reducing the incidence of unnecessary surgical intervention during birth by reaching a better understanding of the mechanics of human birth, we aim to shed light on how amniotic fluid transfers forces from the birth canal onto the fetus during birth. Motivated by a simplified physical model, this work uses a numerical method to explore the forces on the fetus, and their relationship to the successful progression of birth and to strain in the birth canal. The numerical model is based on a physical model which represents the fetus moving through the birth canal using a rigid cylinder (fetus) that moves at a constant velocity through the center of a passive elastic tube (birth canal). The entire system is immersed in a highly viscous fluid; low Reynolds number allows the Stokes equations to approximate fluid behavior.;The pulling force necessary to move the rigid inner cylinder through the tube at a specified velocity is measured, along with the time-evolving geometry of the elastic tube. The discrete tube through which the rigid cylinder passes has macroscopic elasticity that can be matched to the tube. The buckling behavior of the elastic tube, which also occurs in other systems of flow through collapsible tubes, is explored by varying velocity and dimensions of the rigid cylinder, elastic properties and dimensions of the elastic tube, and viscosity of the surrounding fluid. Peristaltic contraction of the elastic tube is also included in the model to provide additional insight into the force and velocity of the fetus and strain in the birth canal during human birth, when the birth canal is highly active.
机译:为了通过更好地了解人类的出生机理来减少出生时不必要的外科手术发生率,我们旨在阐明羊水在出生时如何将力从产道传递到胎儿。在简化的物理模型的推动下,这项工作采用了一种数值方法来探索对胎儿的作用力,以及它们与成功分娩的过程以及对分娩道的张力的关系。数值模型基于物理模型,该物理模型表示使用刚性圆柱体(胎儿)在不动弹性管(产道)的中心以恒定速度运动通过胎儿的胎儿。整个系统浸入高粘度的液体中。低的雷诺数使Stokes方程近似于流体行为。测量了使刚性内圆柱体以指定速度通过管道移动所需的拉力,以及弹性管道随时间变化的几何形状。刚性圆柱体穿过的离散管具有可以与该管匹配的宏观弹性。通过改变刚性圆柱体的速度和尺寸,弹性管的弹性特性和尺寸以及周围流体的粘度,可以探索弹性管的屈曲行为,这种现象也发生在通过可折叠管的其他流动系统中。模型中还包括弹性管的蠕动收缩,以提供对出生时胎儿活跃的胎儿在出生时的力和速度以及应变的更多信息。

著录项

  • 作者

    Gossmann, Roseanna.;

  • 作者单位

    Tulane University School of Science and Engineering.;

  • 授予单位 Tulane University School of Science and Engineering.;
  • 学科 Applied mathematics.;Fluid mechanics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2018
  • 页码 160 p.
  • 总页数 160
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 物理化学(理论化学)、化学物理学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:53:07

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