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SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES AND PROBLEMS OF OVERTREE MISTING FOR BLOOM DELAY ON 'GOLDEN DELICIOUS' APPLES.

机译:“金黄色的”苹果花过分延迟开花的某些生理反应和问题。

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摘要

The effects of overtree misting for bloom delay on 'Golden Delicious' apple trees were assessed over a period of three years. Misting caused a 13 day delay of full bloom in 1977 and a six day delay in 1978 and 1979. Fruit set of open pollinated flowers on misted trees was lower than that on nonmisted trees in 1979. Fruit set of flowers pollinated with 'Jonathan' pollen or the flower's own pollen was lower on the misted trees than on the nonmisted trees. Percent germination of pollen from misted trees was lower than that from nonmisted trees. Fruit set counts taken at specific time intervals relating to the abscission waves of apples showed that there was no difference due to misting treatments in fruit set influenced by pollination. Counts taken to reflect the influences of fertilization and nutritional competition showed that the misted trees had lower fruit set at both times than nonmisted trees. Soil water content was increased and percent air space reduced in the soil beneath the misted trees. There were no differences or sudden changes in percent relative water content of spur-leaves between misted and nonmisted trees. Misted MM 111 rootstocks that were placed in the field prior to the onset of misting in 1978 had lower levels of total nonstructural carbohydrates in the current season's leaves and roots than the nonmisted rootstocks after the completion of misting. Misting treatments had no apparent affect on the net photosynthesis or transpirational rates of the misted and nonmisted MM 111 rootstocks. Percent N of spur-leaves in 1978 and 1979 was lower at petal fall in the misted trees than in the nonmisted trees, with no differences in August leaf samples. The Ca and Mg concentrations of the misted trees were higher in the flowers and spur-leaves at full bloom than nonmisted trees and leaf Ca levels were lower in the misted trees in August samples in 1978 and 1979 than the no misted trees. Levels of B were lower in the misted flowers at full bloom and in the spur-leaves at petal fall than the nonmisted trees in 1978 and 1979. Soil applications of CaNO(,3) in 1977 and foliar applications of B in 1979 in misted and nonmisted blocks did not increase fruit set. Foliar applications of SADH + B in 1977 and B in 1978 that were applied as limb treatments increased fruit set of the misted trees. Levels of B in the flowers in 1979 of the misted trees were lower than the levels in the nonmisted flowers even with the application of foliar B sprays.
机译:在三年的时间里,评估了过树雾对开花的延迟对“金冠”苹果树的影响。薄雾在1977年导致花朵延迟13天,在1978年和1979年导致花朵延迟6天。雾树上开放授粉花的花果组低于1979年无雾树上的花授粉。否则,在雾气弥漫的树木上,花的花粉要比在没有雾气的树木上低。薄雾树的花粉发芽率低于无雾树。在与苹果的脱落波有关的特定时间间隔进行的坐果计数表明,受授粉影响的坐果由于雾化处理而没有差异。用来反映施肥和营养竞争影响的计数表明,薄雾树两次的坐果率均低于非薄雾树。薄雾树下的土壤中的土壤水分含量增加,空气空间百分比减少。雾树和非雾树之间的刺叶相对水含量百分比没有差异或突然变化。在1978年雾霾开始之前被放到田间的MM 111砧木,在雾季完成后,当前季节的叶和根中非结构性碳水化合物总量低于非雾霾砧木。雾化处理对有雾和无雾的MM 111砧木的净光合作用或蒸腾速率没有明显影响。 1978年和1979年,雾气弥漫的树木中花瓣落下时的正直叶百分比N低于非雾气弥漫的树木,八月叶片样本中的N没有变化。 1978年和1979年8月样本中,雾季树木的钙和镁含量在花朵和花蕾上都比无雾树木高,叶子的钙含量也比无雾树木低。 1978年和1979年,盛开的薄雾花和花瓣落落的花蕾中的B含量均低于未施肥的树木。1977年的CaNO(,3)在土壤中的应用以及1979年在薄雾的土壤中施用B的情况。无误块并不增加坐果率。 1977年SADH + B和1978年B的叶面施用作为肢体处理,增加了雾树的结实率。即使使用叶面喷洒的B喷雾剂,1979年薄雾树中的花朵中的B含量也低于无误花中的B含量。

著录项

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Plant Physiology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1980
  • 页码 92 p.
  • 总页数 92
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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