首页> 外文学位 >CYTOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE SUSCEPTIBLE, HOST RESISTANT AND NONHOST RESISTANT INTERACTIONS OF ALFALFA WITH PHYTOPHTHORA MEGASPERMA.
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CYTOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE SUSCEPTIBLE, HOST RESISTANT AND NONHOST RESISTANT INTERACTIONS OF ALFALFA WITH PHYTOPHTHORA MEGASPERMA.

机译:苜蓿与草根霉的易感性,寄主抗性和非寄主抗性的相互作用涉及的细胞学和生物化学因素。

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摘要

Two plant/pathogen systems were developed in order to investigate the cytological and biochemical factors involved in the susceptible, host resistant, and nonhost resistant interactions of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) with a pathogen, Phytophthora megasperma Drechs. f. sp. medicaginis (Pmm), and a nonpathogen of alfalfa, P. megasperma f. sp. glycinea (Pmg). The cytological studies were carried out using alfalfa seedlings highly and uniformly resistant or susceptible to Pmm, while the biochemical studies involved Pmm-resistant and Pmm-susceptible callus tissue cultures. The results of the cytological studies demonstrated that host and nonhost resistance of alfalfa seedlings to Pmm and Pmg were not expressed prior to root penetration; zoospore attraction to roots, encystment, cyst germination and early penetration were the same in susceptible, host resistant and nonhost resistant interactions. Resistance was expressed during the colonization of seedling roots, and was characterized by a restriction in hyphal development in the host and nonhost resistant interactions. Colonization was more limited in the nonhost resistant than in the host resistant interactions.; Ultrastructural studies demonstrated that the susceptible and resistant interactions were fundamentally different, but that host and nonhost resistant interactions differed mainly in the timing and intensity of the resistant responses. Susceptible interactions were characterized by a rapid disruption of host cell mitochondria and death of host cells in contact with hyphae within 12 hr after inoculation. In the nonhost resistant interactions, plant cell mitochondria were not affected, but wall appositions were produced within 1-2 hr after inoculation in cells in contact with hyphae, and hypersensitive plant cell death was observed within 2 hr after inoculation. Many Pmg hyphae were abnormal within 24 hr after inoculation. Similar responses were observed in the host resistant interaction, but they generally occurred later and less often than in the nonhost resistant interactions.; Studies with alfalfa callus tissue demonstrated that the isoflavonoid phytolexins, medicarpin and sativan, accumulated in Pmm- and Pmg-challenged alfalfa callus tissue. Although neither was determined to play a primary role in host resistance, the possibility that medicarpin is an important factor in nonhost resistance could not be ruled out.
机译:开发了两种植物/病原体系统,以研究涉及苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)与病原体Phytophthora megasperma Drechs的敏感,寄主抗性和非寄主抗性相互作用的细胞学和生化因素。 F。 sp。 medicaginis(Pmm)和苜蓿的非病原体P. megasperma f。 sp。甘氨酸(Pmg)。细胞学研究是使用高度一致的抗苜蓿或对Pmm敏感的苜蓿幼苗进行的,而生化研究涉及抗Pmm和对Pmm敏感的愈伤组织组织培养。细胞学研究结果表明,苜蓿幼苗对根系透入Pmm和Pmg的抗性和非寄主抗性在根部渗透之前均未表达。游动孢子对根的吸引,囊化,囊肿萌发和早期渗透在易感,抗宿主和非抗宿主相互作用中是相同的。抗性在幼苗根部定植期间表达,其特征在于宿主中菌丝发育受到限制以及非宿主抗性相互作用。非宿主抗性的定植比宿主抗性的相互作用更受限制。超微结构研究表明,敏感性和抗性相互作用在根本上是不同的,但是宿主和非宿主抗性相互作用的主要区别在于抗性反应的时间和强度。易感相互作用的特征是接种后12小时内宿主细胞线粒体快速破坏和与菌丝接触的宿主细胞死亡。在非宿主抗性相互作用中,植物细胞的线粒体不受影响,但是在与菌丝接触的细胞中接种后1-2小时内会产生壁并置,并且在接种后2小时内观察到超敏植物细胞死亡。接种后24小时内许多Pmg菌丝均异常。在宿主抗性相互作用中观察到相似的反应,但是它们通常比非宿主抗性相互作用发生得更晚且频率更低。对苜蓿愈伤组织的研究表明,异黄酮类植物毒素,叶绿素和sativan积累在受到Pmm和Pmg挑战的苜蓿愈伤组织中。尽管未确定两者在宿主抗性中起主要作用,但不能排除麦地卡宾是非宿主抗性的重要因素的可能性。

著录项

  • 作者

    MILLER, SALLY ANN.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Wisconsin - Madison.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Plant Pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1982
  • 页码 220 p.
  • 总页数 220
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物病理学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:51:29

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