The effect of automation on workload management and pilot role.

摘要

Recent research suggests that advances in automated cockpit systems may have an impact on crew communication (Wiener, 1989; Segal, 1993; Veinott & Irwin, 1993). The present study explores the possibility that communication requirements may be different in the more automated cockpit, and that workload management and pilot role may be affected.;Level of automation was varied by comparing the DC-9 and its automated derivative, the MD-88. Videotapes of twenty air crews were coded for control actions performed on the cockpit systems, instrument sets/adjustments specific to navigation, and those involved in irregular procedures. Questions concerning cockpit systems, navigation changes, and irregular procedures were assessed, as was amount of total communication.;There were no differences in amount of communication between aircraft type. Captains (CAs) asked more questions than First Officers (FOs) regarding navigation. DC-9 CAs had the highest mean frequency of systems behaviors. MD-88 CAs had the highest mean frequency of navigation behaviors. Interpretations of these differences are discussed in terms of their impact on workload management and pilot role.