This dissertation explores settlement patterns and housing typologies of modern Turkey from the republican period to today. It is considered beneficial in the context of the research to analyze the concepts of dwelling and settlement. Housing and settlement patterns starting with urbanization, archaic and antique examples followed by the social atmosphere of the industrial revolution, housing and city planning concepts from the industrial revolution to today in the Western world have been analyzed which later been compared to the housing and settlement development of Turkey in the republican period.; Definition of settlement, relationship between existence of man and creation of space, urbanization, housing types and patterns dwelling types of pre-urbanistic and post-urbanistic times until the industrial revolution have been discussed.; Also discussed, social conditions before the industrial revolution, housing problem due to over-population, new planning and housing ideas by social utopists, new trends in housing in Western World from the beginning of twentieth century until today and housing development and trends in Turkey from Republican period to present. Housing development in the West and in Republican Turkey have been compared both historically and design wise.; The findings of the comparative study can be listed as follows: (1) In Western countries mass housing has been developed to resolve the housing problem of the poor, with the intervention of the government. (2) In the Turkish case the effect of the government was minimal. Housing developments were built mostly for the middle and upper classes. (3) Housing development in the West is a process which paralleled social changes in the country. (4) In the Turkish case Westernization and the transitions brought by it were introduced to the society by the intellectuals and the government. After 1950's housing solutions to over populated cities were imported from the West rather than finding local solutions. (5) Turkish urban housing scene contains urban housing and high-rise apartments as opposed to suburban and single family housing of Western countries.; Pluralistic approaches to the housing problem in settlement patterns, house typologies, unit types and flexibility in spatial organization of houses have been proposed for a better living environment in process. Responsibility lies on politicians, architects, city planners and users in keeping the cultural aspect of housing alive.
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