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Containment in 'The Port-Royal Logic'.

机译:包含在“港口皇家逻辑”中。

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摘要

The Logic of Port-Royal, first published in 1662 by the Jansenists Antoine Arnauld and Pierre Nicole, is a work that underlines the inadequacies of the traditional logic. Traditional logic, which included the texts of Aristotle's Organon and the works of the scholastics, was experiencing a mild renaissance in the seventeenth century following its outright and brutal discrediting by the humanists of the previous two centuries. Arnauld and Nicole introduce a fairly original system of logic that attempts to remedy the shortcomings of the revived tradition; they dismiss the Aristotelian "Categories", "Predicables", and "Topics", ignore the scholastic "Doctrine of Terms and Consequence", and suggest a single "General Principle" by means of which the validity of all arguments can be decided. The Principle is based on a notion of containment, divided into entendue (extension of subjects) and comprehension (essential properties belonging to the subjects), which applies to all terms. Because the notion of containment is linked to the objective reality of Cartesian ideas, the authors can claim that their system of logic properly describes reality. The General Principle also suggests that terminist logic is logically and epistemologically prior to sentential logic because, Arnauld and Nicole claim, it governs the Dictum de Omni et Nullo and the Nota Notae. The self-evidence of the two dicta confirmed the validity of all syllogisms of the first figure; furthermore, all syllogisms of other figures could be reduced to one of the first figure. With the General Principle, however, there is no need for such reduction to the first figure. This additional result makes the theorem of sentential logic, "((p
机译:皇家港口逻辑由詹森主义者安托万·阿尔瑙德(Antoine Arnauld)和皮埃尔·尼科尔(Pierre Nicole)于1662年首次出版,是一部强调传统逻辑不足之处的著作。传统的逻辑,包括亚里士多德(Aristotle)的Organon文本和学者的著作,在前两个世纪的人文主义者彻底和残酷的贬损之后,正在经历十七世纪的温和复兴。 Arnauld和Nicole引入了一种相当原始的逻辑系统,试图弥补复兴的传统的缺陷。他们摒弃了亚里士多德的“范畴”,“谓词”和“主题”,忽略了学术上的“术语和后果学说”,并提出了一个“一般原则”,据此可以确定所有论点的有效性。该原则基于包容性的概念,分为实体(主体的扩展)和理解(属于主体的本质),这适用于所有术语。因为遏制的概念与笛卡尔思想的客观现实联系在一起,所以作者可以声称他们的逻辑系统正确地描述了现实。一般原则还表明,术语逻辑在逻辑和认识论上先于句子逻辑,因为Arnauld和Nicole声称,它管辖着Omni and Nullo和Nota Notae。这两个口述的自证证实了第一个人物的所有三段论的有效性。此外,其他人物的所有三段论都可以简化为第一个人物。但是,根据一般原则,没有必要将这一数字减少到第一个数字。这个附加结果使句子逻辑定理“((

著录项

  • 作者

    Roy, Bernard R.;

  • 作者单位

    City University of New York.;

  • 授予单位 City University of New York.;
  • 学科 Philosophy.;History European.;History Medieval.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1995
  • 页码 354 p.
  • 总页数 354
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:49:33

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