Phylogenetic relationships and hierarchical classification of the supergeneric taxa of pannote mayflies (Ephemeroptera).

摘要

Phylogeny and supergeneric classification of the pannote mayflies are proposed by way of a strict cladistic analysis. Fifteen monophyletic groups of genera served as the operational taxonomic units. The operational taxonomic units were characterized on the basis of all genera of pannote mayflies, and comparative character states of each group were tabulated in a character matrix and subjected to cladistic analysis. A strict phylogenetic hierarchical classification is formulated from the cladistic results, and previous paraphyletic and polyphyletic family concepts within the study group have been corrected. Four superfamilies and eleven families are recognized: Baetiscoidea (Baetiscidae and Prosopistomatidae), Caenoidea (Caenidae and Neoephemeridae), Ephemerelloidea (Teloganodidae and Ephemerellidae), and Tricorythoidea superfam. nov. (Teloganellidae fam. nov., Leptohyphidae, Ephemerythidae stat. nov., Tricorythidae, and Dicercomyzidae stat. nov.). Distinctive primary clades within families are recognized as subfamilies: Caenidae (Caeninae and Brachycercinae), Ephemerellidae (Ephemerellinae and Timpanoginae stat. nov.), Teloganodidae (Austremerellinae and Teloganodinae), and Leptohyphidae (Leptohyphinae and Machadorythinae). The description, diagnosis, taxa makeup (genera for subfamily, subfamilies for family, and families for superfamily), and distribution are given for each subfamily, family, and superfamily. A stage correlated identification key to the revised superfamilies, families, and subfamilies is included. Two hundred and fifty-one morphological figures are provided.