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The Early to Middle Archaic transition in the Georgia-Carolina Piedmont: A view from the Gregg Shoals site.

机译:佐治亚州-卡罗来纳州皮埃蒙特的早期至中古过渡:Gregg Shoals网站的景观。

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摘要

Prehistoric sites of the Archaic Period are one of the most numerous archaeological features of the Carolina-Georgia Piedmont. However, until recently, these sites received little research attention other than attempts at temporal association of projectile point stylistic patterns. The majority of the research attention was given to the larger, more "productive" sites, such as the large shell mound sites of the Late Archaic Period. While these are certainly important sources of information, they represent only one aspect of a much broader and more diverse subsistence adaptation and settlement pattern.; Stratified sites with intact, separated components or single component sites provide good opportunities to address questions of site specific importance, such as changes in occupation or use. These sites can also contribute to knowledge of the subsistence-settlement system when comparisons are made at the drainage and regional level. Stratified sites are of major importance when occupations encompass a major shift in adaptation, changes in resource availability, or major environmental changes. Therefore, chronology, subsistence, and settlement information are vital bases for the interpretation of cultural change.; The research conducted at the Gregg Shoals-Clyde Gulley sites focused on understanding the character of the riverine subsistence-settlement system through time in this section of the Savannah River basin. Research problems addressed at the Gregg Shoals-Clyde Gulley group are divided into four interrelated domains: chronology, subsistence, adaptive change, and cross-areal comparison for settlement pattern recognition.; The archaeological and geological investigations of the Early and Middle Archaic components at the Gregg Shoals site produced information on interassemblage variability in the riverine/interriverine environment, and the relationship of this variability to changes in exploitative strategies and mobility patterns. Changes in the subsistence- settlement system, adaptation to changes in the environment and resource distribution, and population size and density, are most productively approached by understanding organization of the exploitative strategy and mobility pattern. The level of mobility and the organization of the exploitative strategy will determine the content and structure of the lithic assemblage. Therefore, the main focus of the lithic analysis is the definition of aspects of the technological organization that will reflect changes in the subsistence strategy and mobility pattern rather than depending upon traditional cultural-historical typologies to define interassemblage variability. While use of the morphologically based typologies play an important role in the preliminary assessment of occupation zones, it is necessary to move beyond this to the identification of tool attributes and tool kit organization patterns that are both functional and reflective of the exploitative strategy, cultural adaptation, and social context in which they are embedded.; This thesis combines the use of data from large area archaeological surveys and the excavation of stratified sites from the Carolina-Georgia Piedmont region to reveal aspects of transition and continuity in the regional patterns of the Middle Archaic period. Aspects of tool assemblage and technological organization revealed between the Early and Middle Archaic occupations at the Gregg Shoals site are compared to recently proposed models of Archaic adaptation, settlement, and mobility in the southeast.
机译:古代的史前遗址是卡罗来纳州-乔治亚州皮埃蒙特市的众多考古特征之一。然而,直到最近,这些站点除了尝试抛射点风格样式的时间关联之外,几乎没有受到研究的关注。大多数研究注意力都集中在较大的,更具“生产性”的地点,例如古代晚期的大型贝壳丘遗址。虽然这些当然是重要的信息来源,但它们仅代表了一种更广泛和更多样化的生存适应和解决模式的一方面。具有完整,分离的组件或单个组件站点的分层站点提供了很好的机会来解决站点特定重要性的问题,例如职业或使用的变化。当在排水和地区一级进行比较时,这些地点还可以有助于生计解决系统的知识。当职业包括适应性的重大转变,资源可利用性的变化或环境的重大变化时,分层站点至关重要。因此,年代,生存和定居信息是解释文化变迁的重要基础。在Gregg Shoals-Clyde Gulley工地进行的研究着重于了解萨凡纳河流域这一地区随着时间的流逝,维持和维持河流的系统的特征。 Gregg Shoals-Clyde Gulley小组解决的研究问题分为四个相互关联的领域:年代,生存,适应性变化以及用于定居模式识别的跨区域比较。格雷格浅滩遗址早期和中古时期的考古和地质调查提供了有关河流/河床环境中组合物间变异性的信息,以及这种变异性与开发策略和迁移模式变化之间的关系。通过了解剥削战略和流动模式的组织,可以最有效地解决生计解决系统的变化,适应环境和资源分布的变化以及人口规模和密度的问题。机动性的水平和开发策略的组织将决定石器组合的内容和结构。因此,岩性分析的主要重点是对技术组织各方面的定义,这些方面将反映生存策略和流动性模式的变化,而不是依靠传统的文化历史类型来定义组件间的变异性。尽管使用基于形态学的类型学在占领区的初步评估中起着重要作用,但有必要超越此范围,以识别功能和反映剥削策略,文化适应性的工具属性和工具套件组织模式以及嵌入它们的社交环境。本文结合了大面积考古调查数据的使用和卡罗来纳州-乔治亚皮埃蒙特地区分层遗址的发掘,揭示了中古时期区域格局的过渡和连续性。将Gregg Shoals站点在早期和中期的古代职业之间发现的工具组合和技术组织方面与最近提出的东南部古代适应,定居和活动模型进行了比较。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tippitt, V. Ann.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;

  • 授予单位 The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.;
  • 学科 Anthropology Archaeology.; Geology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 1997
  • 页码 208 p.
  • 总页数 208
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 古人类学;地质学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:48:55

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