首页> 外文学位 >Alchemical diplomacy: Optics and alchemy in the philosophical writings of Marcus Marci in post-Rudolfine Prague, 1612--1670 (Czech Republic, Johann Marcus Marci von Kronland).
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Alchemical diplomacy: Optics and alchemy in the philosophical writings of Marcus Marci in post-Rudolfine Prague, 1612--1670 (Czech Republic, Johann Marcus Marci von Kronland).

机译:炼金术外交:Marcus Marci在1612--1670年后Rudolfine布拉格(捷克共和国,Johann Marcus Marci von Kronland)的哲学著作中的光学和炼金术。

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摘要

The dissertation explores the intellectual and diplomatic life of an Imperial physician, Johannes Marcus Marci (1595–1670), and places his works within the broader cultural, intellectual, and socio-political context of Prague. Using Latin texts, dissertations, and letters of correspondence, I argue that alchemical philosophy constituted a prominent portion of seventeenth-century science. Marci's alchemical philosophy helped shape local debates about corpuscular matter theory, the physical nature of light, and theories of generation and decomposition, which were central to the development of early modern Bohemian natural philosophy.; Part I sets forth Marci's biographical background and describes the role of imperial physicians in the Habsburg lands. In the second chapter, I investigate the environmental context of mining, which provided material incentives and court support for the study of alchemical procedures and theories about these material outcomes.; Part II, examines how shifting political contexts complicated court patronage of alchemy. Marci was an imperial physician and Dean of Medicine in post-Rudolfine Prague, a period in which political circumstances, occasioned by the Thirty Years war, forced the merger of Prague's two university institutions, the Carolinum and the Clementinum. These institutional transformations compelled physicians to engage with new faculty and to re-evaluate interconnections between alchemical and scholastic philosophy. In Chapter II, I explore Marci's controversial matter theory in which he redefined ontological interactions between matter and “substantial form” by supplanting neoaristotelian substantial forms with his theory of seminal forces .; In Part III, I look at the relations between mathematical sciences and alchemy through Marci's Thaumantias, in which alchemical philosophy informed his optics; and his Philosophia Vetus Restituta , where his study of light informed his alchemical philosophy. Chapter III discusses Marci's use of Kepler's concept of the vis motrix as the model for his seminal agents that directed generation in plants, animals, and humans. Chapter IV explores how Marci's alchemical philosophy informed his optical thesis that light is composed of differently colored rays that can be separated with a prism.; The final chapter investigates an alchemical debate in which imperial physicians resolved a scientific puzzle and served a diplomatic role by quelling a potentially destabilizing social disturbance.
机译:本文探讨了帝国医师约翰内斯·马库斯·马奇(Johannes Marcus Marci,1595–1670年)的知识分子和外交生活,并将其作品置于布拉格更广泛的文化,知识和社会政治背景下。我使用拉丁文字,论文和来信来论证,炼金术哲学构成了17世纪科学的重要部分。马尔奇的炼金哲学帮助塑造了关于小体物质理论,光的物理性质以及生成和分解理论的局部辩论,这些辩论对于早期现代波西米亚自然哲学的发展至关重要。第一部分阐述了马西的传记背景,并描述了哈布斯堡王朝中帝国医师的作用。在第二章中,我研究了采矿的环境背景,这为炼金程序和有关这些物质结果的理论研究提供了物质激励和法庭支持。第二部分探讨了政治环境的变化如何使炼金术的法院赞助变得复杂。马克·马西(Marci)是鲁道夫·芬妮(Rudolfine)之后的布拉格的皇家医师和医学系主任,在此期间,由于30年战争而引起的政治形势迫使布拉格的两个大学机构( Carolinum 和< italic> Clementinum 。这些制度上的变革迫使医生与新的教职员工接触,并重新评估炼金术和学术哲学之间的相互联系。在第二章中,我探讨了马西的有争议的物质理论,在该理论中,他用其<斜体>符号力理论取代了新亚里士多德的实质形式,从而重新定义了物质与“实体形式”之间的本体论相互作用。在第三部分中,我通过Marci的 Thaumantias 考察了数学科学与炼金术之间的关系,其中炼金学哲学为他的光学提供了信息。和他的哲学哲学,在那里他对光的研究为他的炼金术哲学打下了基础。第三章讨论了马西(Marci)将开普勒(Kepler)的 vis motrix 概念用作其指导植物,动物和人类生成的精髓的模型。第四章探讨了马尔西的炼金哲学如何告知他的光学论点,即光是由不同颜色的光线组成的,这些光线可以被棱镜分开。最后一章调查了一场炼金术辩论,在其中,帝国医师解决了一个科学难题,并通过消除可能破坏稳定的社会动荡发挥了外交作用。

著录项

  • 作者

    Garber, Margaret D.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, San Diego.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, San Diego.;
  • 学科 History of Science.; History European.; History Modern.; Philosophy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2002
  • 页码 356 p.
  • 总页数 356
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然科学史;欧洲史;现代史(1917年~);哲学理论;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:46:13

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