Sand-based turfgrass root-zones are limited in nutrient retention and water holding capacity. Peat moss is often used to offset these deficiencies, but peat moss is prone to decomposition. Biochar, a co-product of the fast pyrolysis process used to produce bio-oil, may have similar benefits as peat moss while being less prone to decomposition. In addition, because biochar is relatively stable over time, sand-based turfgrass ecosystems established with biochar may become a viable long term carbon sequestration vehicle. At field capacity, sand-based media containing 25% biochar retained 63 and 73% more water compared to media containing 5% biochar and a pure sand control, respectively. Sand media containing 25% biochar resulted in a saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) of 6.6 cm hr-1, whereas, 5% biochar media and pure sand resulted in Ksat of 55.9 and 84.8 cm hr-1, respectively. The rooting depth of bentgrass was reduced up to 46% at biochar concentrations greater than 10%. Leachate electroconductivity increased from 1.5 mmhos cm-2 to 3.4 mmhos cm-2 and dissolved total organic carbon increased from 20 ppm to 340 ppm as biochar concentrations increased from 0 to 25%. Leachate nitrate and ammonium concentrations decreased from 5 ppm to 0 ppm and 0.8 ppm to 0.2 ppm, respectively, as biochar concentrations increased. Soil phosphorus and potassium increased from 0 ppm to 118 ppm and 21 ppm to 892 ppm, respectively, as biochar concentrations increased.
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机译：沙基草坪草的根区在养分保留和持水能力方面受到限制。泥炭藓经常被用来弥补这些不足，但是泥炭藓很容易分解。生物炭是用于生产生物油的快速热解过程的副产品，可能具有与泥炭藓相似的好处，同时不易分解。此外，由于生物炭随着时间的推移相对稳定，因此用生物炭建立的基于沙子的草皮草生态系统可能成为可行的长期固碳手段。在田间生产能力下，与含5％生物炭和纯砂的介质相比，含25％生物炭的沙基介质分别保留63和73％的水。含25％生物炭的砂介质的饱和水力传导率（Ksat）为6.6 cm hr-1，而5％生物炭介质和纯砂的Ksat分别为55.9和84.8 cm hr-1。当生物炭浓度大于10％时，草根的生根深度降低了46％。随着生物炭浓度从0％增加到25％，渗滤液的电导率从1.5 mmhos cm-2增加到3.4 mmhos cm-2，溶解的总有机碳从20 ppm增加到340 ppm。随着生物炭浓度的增加，渗滤液中硝酸盐和铵的浓度分别从5 ppm降至0 ppm和0.8 ppm降至0.2 ppm。随着生物炭浓度的增加，土壤磷和钾分别从0 ppm增加到118 ppm，从21 ppm增加到892 ppm。
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