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Ideal justice in Latin America: Interests, ideas, and the political origins of judicial activism in Brazil and Colombia.

机译:拉丁美洲的理想正义:巴西和哥伦比亚司法行动的兴趣,思想和政治渊源。

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摘要

What are the causes and consequences of judicial empowerment? What motivates the political decision to delegate authority to independent judiciaries, and what explains the subsequent behavior of these institutions? Going against current trends in comparative judicial politics, this dissertation answers these questions by taking ideas seriously. Dominant accounts of judicial empowerment and behavior associate the emergence of rights protecting judiciaries with the actions of powerful political actors concerned with the protection and promotion of their political self-interests. In contrast, my analysis of Brazil and Colombia links the emergence of such institutions to the actions of groups and individuals who subscribe to the principled belief that courts should focus their efforts on the protection and promotion of constitutional guarantees. These ideational carriers use their resources to convince institutional designers of the suitability of their proposals, and exert powerful influence over the institutional outcome of constitutional transitions. These actors also influence the actions of newly empowered courts to the extent that they are able to entrench their ideational allies on the bench during the uncertainty of the transition. These findings contradict the arguments that judicial empowerment is designed to weaken electoral opponents or to insulate the political process from popular pressures, and that judges are rational-strategic actors whose main concern is to protect their institutional integrity.
机译:司法授权的原因和后果是什么?是什么激发了将权力下放给独立司法机构的政治决定,又是什么解释了这些机构随后的行为呢?相对于比较司法的当前趋势,本文通过认真对待思想来回答这些问题。司法授权和行为的主要叙述将权利保护司法机构的出现与强大的政治行为者的行为联系在一起,这些行为涉及保护和促进其政治自利。相反,我对巴西和哥伦比亚的分析将这种制度的出现与团体和个人的行动联系起来,这些团体和个人的行为遵循原则上的信念,即法院应将工作重点放在保护和促进宪法保障上。这些思想载体利用其资源说服机构设计者其建议的适用性,并对宪法过渡的体制结果施加强大影响。这些角色还影响了新授权的法院的行动,以至于他们能够在过渡的不确定性期间巩固其思想同盟在替补席上。这些发现与以下论点相抵触:司法授权旨在削弱选举反对者或使政治进程免受民众压力,而法官是理性战略行为者,其主要关注点是保护其体制完整性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Nunes, Rodrigo Marinho.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Austin.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Austin.;
  • 学科 Latin American Studies.;Political Science General.;Legal Studies.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 244 p.
  • 总页数 244
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:37:26

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