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On the suitability of conic sections in a single-photo resection, camera calibration, and photogrammetric triangulation.

机译:关于圆锥形切片在单张照片​​切除,相机校准和摄影测量三角测量中的适用性。

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摘要

At the present time, the algorithms involved in photogrammetric activities are changing substantially. Photogrammetric activities are expanding to accommodate features other than points, such as straight-line, in the photogrammetric solution. Along this line of expansion, in this study, conic sections (circles and ellipses) were formulated as computational entities for the solution of single photo resection, camera calibration, and photogrammetric triangulation.; Feature extraction is the entry point for the use of conics. In this research, an integrated and robust algorithm for the extraction of multiple conic was developed. This algorithm addresses the extraction of conics at three stages. The first two stages are based on parametric data extraction under the general framework of Hough Transform. A crucial contribution in this algorithm is the notion of the directional attribute, which facilitates the best use of the information provided by the parametric extraction. The third stage takes the form of a probabilistic inference rule. Successful performance was demonstrated on simulated and real data.; Analytical representation of conic sections was required in this study. To this end, a least-squares conic fitting algorithm was developed. This algorithm minimizes the distance between the observed points and a modified conic along the normal to its tangent for every observed point. This algorithm neglects second order terms induced by the quadratic nature of the conic equation at each step and, therefore, requires some iterations. Experimental finding based on simulated and real data confirmed the good performance of this algorithm.; Two non-linear conics-based algorithms for a single-photo resection were developed (CCA and PTFA). The CCA is very robust to the selection of the initial approximations. Slightly different from zero and exactly zero approximations are sufficient to initialize the camera position and the rotation angles, respectively. On the other hand, the PTFA is very sensitive to the initial approximations, and even the hierarchical initialization through the CCA could not facilitate its use in a practical camera calibration that suffered from severe distortions. The CCA and the PTFA show different sensitivity to random noise. Small variances were encountered in the CCA, and relatively large ones are induced by the PTFA. Most likely the developed target function for the PTFA does not explain the complete relationship between an image point and its associated conic in the object space.; One of the most striking and interesting findings was revealed by the variance-covariance comparison metric. This metric showed that the use of CCA in a single-photo resection gives the best global accuracy among three other algorithms. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译:目前,摄影测量活动所涉及的算法正在发生重大变化。摄影测量活动正在扩展,以容纳摄影测量解决方案中除点之外的其他功能,例如直线。沿着这一扩展路线,在本研究中,圆锥截面(圆形和椭圆形)被公式化为计算实体,以解决单张照片切除,相机校准和摄影测量三角剖分的问题。特征提取是使用圆锥曲线的切入点。在这项研究中,开发了一种用于提取多个圆锥的集成且鲁棒的算法。该算法分三个阶段解决了圆锥曲线的提取问题。前两个阶段基于Hough变换总体框架下的参数数据提取。该算法的关键贡献在于方向属性的概念,它有助于最佳利用参数提取所提供的信息。第三阶段采用概率推理规则的形式。在模拟和真实数据上展示了成功的表现。本研究需要圆锥截面的分析表示。为此,开发了最小二乘圆锥拟合算法。对于每个观察点,此算法都将观察点与沿其切线法线的修改圆锥曲线之间的距离最小化。该算法在每个步骤中忽略了由二次方程式的二次性质引起的二阶项,因此需要进行一些迭代。基于模拟和真实数据的实验结果证实了该算法的良好性能。为单张照片切除术开发了两种基于非线性圆锥曲线的算法(CCA和PTFA)。 CCA对于选择初始近似值非常鲁棒。零近似值与零近似值略有不同,分别足以初始化相机位置和旋转角度。另一方面,PTFA对初始近似值非常敏感,甚至通过CCA进行的层次初始化也无法促进其在实际相机校准中的使用,因为相机校准存在严重失真。 CCA和PTFA对随机噪声显示出不同的敏感性。在CCA中遇到的差异很小,而PTFA则引起了较大的差异。 PTFA开发的目标函数很可能无法解释对象空间中图像点及其关联圆锥的完整关系。方差-协方差比较度量标准揭示了最惊人和有趣的发现之一。此度量标准表明,在单张照片​​切除中使用CCA可以提供其他三种算法中最佳的全局精度。 (摘要由UMI缩短。)

著录项

  • 作者

    Seedahmed, Gamal H.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Geodesy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 157 p.
  • 总页数 157
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 大地测量学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:44:24

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