The relationship between job satisfaction in the pastorate and the other job of bivocational 'senior' pastors in the Foursquare denomination in the U.S.

摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between job satisfaction in the pastorate and the other job of bivocational senior pastors in the Foursquare denomination in the U.S. Data was obtained from a survey questionnaire e-mailed and returned by identified bivocational pastors in the Foursquare denomination. The questionnaire included: 1) demographic data questions; 2) three instruments, the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) (Weiss et al., 1967); the Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS) (Hackman & Oldham, 1975); and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule -- Expanded Form (PANAS-X) (Watson & Clark, 1994); and 3) six open-ended qualitative questions. Only 93 returned questionnaires were usable for a response rate of 85%. There were 87 males and 6 females with an average age of 51; average education was 16 years; years as bivocational pastors was 13; participants reported an average of 26 hours per week spent as pastor, and 31 hours per week on the other job. The statistical analyses for the quantitative data consisted of the Pearson product-moment correlation and Independent t-test. A multi-stage coding procedure was used for the qualitative data. Significant findings based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative research were that some degree of job satisfaction in the pastorate was found to be transferred across to the other job of the bivocational pastor related to: (1) general job satisfaction, (2) intrinsic factors, (3) extrinsic factors, and (4) job characteristics. It was also found that financial compensation was not significant to the pastorate but was significant for the other job of bivocational pastors (salary was insufficient to effect their job satisfaction in the pastorate but it was for the other job). Also, this study which engaged in the social science research of job satisfaction explored the biblical perspective of bivocationalism. It made a biblical argument for bivocationalism and presented a case study of the values and choices of Paul in his bivocational ministry. Therefore, since bivocationalism was a biblical practice, it is reasonable for pastors and ministers to be bivocational today.