首页> 外文学位 >Merleau-Ponty and the problems of intersubjectivity: Encounters with Wittgenstein, Sellars, McDowell and Levinas on the foundations, nature and modalities of intersubjective relations (Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Wilfrid Sellars, Emmanuel Levinas).
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Merleau-Ponty and the problems of intersubjectivity: Encounters with Wittgenstein, Sellars, McDowell and Levinas on the foundations, nature and modalities of intersubjective relations (Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Wilfrid Sellars, Emmanuel Levinas).

机译:Merleau-Ponty和主体间的问题:与主体主体间关系的基础,性质和方式(维特根斯坦,塞勒斯,麦克道尔和列维纳斯相遇)(莫里斯·梅洛-庞蒂,路德维希·维特根斯坦,威尔弗里德·塞拉斯,伊曼纽尔·列维纳斯)。

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摘要

Contemporary philosophy is marked by two movements: (1) recognizing the situatedness of subjectivity; (2) overcoming the legacy of Cartesian dualism. These often converge: the sovereignty of Cartesian subjectivity is compromised precisely by that within which subjectivity is always already situated.; While the ‘problem of the perception of other minds’, resting upon the Cartesian ontology, is ‘overcome’ once that ontology is abandoned, two new problems emerge.; First, what does it mean to say that truth and objectivity are constituted intersubjectively? Some contemporary philosophers appeal to language. The acquisition of a language endows subjectivity with reflexivity; language opens subjectivity to the world. Truth and objectivity are constituted within (necessarily intersubjective) linguistic practices. This, it is suggested, should not lead to skepticism concerning the possibility of truth and objectivity—such worry is a mere residuum of the now untenable conceptions.; Yet, it has not been easy to let go of the old conceptions of truth and objectivity. The second problem, the problem of alterity, encapsulates this concern. If it is one's language and culture that opens the subject as such to the world, if it is through such means that truth and objectivity within that world are established and acknowledged: how can such mutually reinforcing constitution be critiqued by something genuinely exterior? To what extent does contact with genuine transcendence remain necessary to retain the meaningfulness of ‘truth’, ‘objectivity’ and ‘critique’?; These questions are taken up from the perspective of Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology. The basic argument is that, in concert with language, a post-Cartesian ontology needs to be developed that establish that: (1) the subject's basic relation to the world and to others is not cognitive, but vital and affective; (2) the world is saturated with pre-linguistic meaning, i.e., language is not the exclusive origin of meaningfulness; (3) that language itself, as well as the corporeal structures of subjectivity that open it to the world, are not subsumptive, but diacritical, thus genuinely open to transcendence.
机译:当代哲学的特点是两个运动:(1)认识主体性的所在; (2)克服笛卡尔二元论的遗产。这些往往会融合在一起:笛卡尔主观性的主权正因始终存在主观性而受到损害。当基于笛卡尔本体论的“其他人的感知问题”是“克服”时,一旦本体论被抛弃,就会出现两个新的问题。首先,说真理和客观性是主体间构成的,这意味着什么?一些当代哲学家呼吁语言。语言的获得赋予主观性与反身性。语言向世界开放了主体性。真理和客观性构成了(必要时是主体间的)语言实践。有人建议,这不应引起对真实性和客观性可能性的怀疑—这种担忧仅仅是对现在站不住脚的观念的遗留。然而,放开关于真理和客观性的旧观念并不容易。第二个问题,即变更问题,解决了这一问题。如果是一个人的语言和文化向世界打开了这样的话题,那么,正是通过这种方式在那个世界中建立了真理和客观性并得到承认:如何通过真正外部的东西来批判这种相辅相成的构成?在什么程度上保持真正的超越才有必要保持“真理”,“客观性”和“批判”的意义?这些问题是从Merleau-Ponty现象学的角度提出的。基本论点是,要与语言相结合,需要发展后笛卡尔的本体论,该本体论确立了以下事实:(1)主题与世界和他人的基本关系不是认知的,而是至关重要的和情感的; (2)世界充满了语言前的含义,即语言不是意义的唯一来源; (3)语言本身以及将其开放给世界的主观性的物质结构不是包容性的,而是变声的,因此真正具有超越性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Adamo, Christopher.;

  • 作者单位

    New School University.;

  • 授予单位 New School University.;
  • 学科 Philosophy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 258 p.
  • 总页数 258
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 哲学理论;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:43:59

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