Dual-band microwave components using composite right/left-handed transmission lines.

摘要

Arbitrary dual-band microwave components using composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission lines (TL) are presented. Theory, synthesis procedure, and implementation of the dual-band quarter-wave (lambda/4) CRLH-TL are presented. Arbitrary dual-band operation is achieved by the frequency offset and the phase slope of the CRLH-TL. The frequency ratio of the two operating frequencies can be a noninteger.; In Chap.2 to Chap.5, the dual-band lambda/4 open/short circuit stub, the dual-band branch-line coupler, and the dual-band rat-race coupler are demonstrated. The performances of these dual-band components are demonstrated by both simulated and measured results. Insertion loss is larger than 23dB for the shunt lambda/4 CRLH-TL open circuit stub and less than 0.25dB for the shunt lambda/4 CRLH-TL short circuit stub at each passband. The dual-band branch-line coupler exhibits S21 and S31 larger than -4.034dB, return losses larger than 17dB, isolations larger than 13dB, phase differences 90° +/- 1.5°, and gain imbalance less than 0.5dB at each passband. The dual-band rat-race coupler exhibits S21 and S 31 larger than -4.126dB, return losses larger than 12dB, isolations larger than 30dB, phase difference 180° +/- 4°, and gain imbalance less than 0.2dB at each passband.; From Chap.6, a dual-band (DB) sub-harmonic quadrature mixer (SHAM) using CRLH-TLs is presented. The CRLH-TLs are used to provide dual-bandwidth operation in the Wilkinson power dividers (WPDs), the +/-45° delay line for in phase/quadrature generation, and the sub-harmonically pumped mixers. Theory and implementation of the RF/LO DB-WPDs, the dual-passband dual-stopband (DPDS) shunt terminations, and the DB sub-harmonically pumped mixers (SH-PMs) are presented. These DB microwave components for the DB-SHQM are detailed in individual sections with both simulated and measured performances. The DB-WPDs exhibit S21 and S31 larger than -3.953dB, return losses larger than 12dB, isolations larger than 16dB, phase imbalance less than 2.15°, and gain imbalance less than 0.25dB at each passband. The DPDS terminations demonstrate insertion loss larger than 16dB at stopbands and less than 2.3dB at passbands. The DB-SHPN1 shows 10dB and 11.7dB conversion loss in low and high frequency mixing schemes with good linearity. Local oscillator (LO) to radio frequency (RF) isolation larger than 30dB is also measured in both frequency mixing schemes. The measured results of the DB-SHQM display output amplitude balance, orthogonal characteristic, and LO to RF isolation larger than 45dB.