Transparent and crack-free silica aerogels.

摘要

The process of making silica aerogels has been studied in detail over the past two decades due to its usage in a wide range of low end applications such as thermal insulators, super-capacitors etc., as well as high end applications like particle physics, space explorations. These applications call for control over the properties of aerogels, such as their transparency, density, porosity, pore size, and integrity. However, despite all the past research, controlling properties of aerogels is still not a fully developed science, a lot more research needs to be done.;The literature on silica aerogels does not cover the study of the relation between transparency and cracks in aerogels -- which can be a key factor in making aerogels for many applications. Hence, optimization of the transparency and integrity of the aerogels in order to obtain high transparency and low cracks was attempted in this thesis.