首页> 外文学位 >The effects of urban form on vehicle emissions---focusing on urban form factors and three conventional air pollutions and carbon dioxide.
【24h】

The effects of urban form on vehicle emissions---focusing on urban form factors and three conventional air pollutions and carbon dioxide.

机译:城市形态对车辆排放的影响-以城市形态因素和三种常规空气污染和二氧化碳为重点。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例

摘要

This study arose from an idea that air pollutants and greenhouse gases from vehicles could be reduced by changes in urban form. Analyzing the results of related prior investigations showed that the researchers mainly argued that adjustment of typical urban form characteristics (e.g., degree of population density or sprawl) can reduce the amount of vehicle emissions. The policies considering typical urban form change cannot be easily realized, however, because changing population density and stopping urban sprawl are both very difficult and require a long time. In view of that limitation, this study tried to uncover more effective urban form factors to reduce vehicle emissions within the mid- or short-term. This research also attempted to examine vehicle emission reduction by changing both absolute and relative locations of urban functions (i.e. population, employment, and commercial facilities). To observe the relationship, some spatial-related variables from the location of urban functions are developed.;To determine the relative location among urban functions, certain measurements are built. Based on the location concepts, key variables are constructed. Average daily vehicle miles traveled (ADVMT) is estimated to measure the amount of vehicle emissions, and then statistically tested its relationship with eight urban form factors. Based on the analysis results, when we have urban areas with similar population densities, an area with clustered populations and closely concentrated clusters produces fewer ADVMT and emissions. In addition, a short average distance between residences and the commercial areas they use frequently generates fewer emissions, too. The results also show that high population density, employment centrality, and longer commuting time also reduce vehicle emissions.;This study additionally simulates the change in vehicle emissions based on residential development scenarios. The results show that residential development in suburbs considerably increases both VMT and vehicle emissions, compared with development in a downtown area.;Based on the estimated VMT and quantity of vehicle emissions in the urban areas, there are definite differences according to the conditions of urban form factors. In addition, according to the simulations, considerable benefits exist with decreasing the quantity and costs of vehicle emissions through the changes of urban form factors. This study verifies the relationship between VMT, the quantity of vehicle emissions and urban form factors with a distinctive approach that also includes conventional factors. This study emphasizes the importance of the distribution of populations and other urban functions.
机译:这项研究源于一个想法,即通过改变城市形态可以减少车辆的空气污染物和温室气体。对相关先前调查结果的分析表明,研究人员主要认为调整典型的城市形态特征(例如人口密度或蔓延程度)可以减少车辆排放量。考虑到典型的城市形态变化的政策很难实现,因为改变人口密度和阻止城市扩张既困难又需要很长时间。鉴于这种局限性,本研究试图发现更有效的城市形态因素,以在中短期内减少车辆排放。这项研究还试图通过改变城市功能(即人口,就业和商业设施)的绝对位置和相对位置来检查车辆的减排量。为了观察这种关系,从城市功能的位置开发了一些与空间有关的变量。为了确定城市功能之间的相对位置,建立了一些度量。根据位置概念,构造关键变量。估计平均每日行车里程(ADVMT)可测量车辆排放量,然后对八种城市形态因素之间的关系进行统计检验。根据分析结果,当我们拥有人口密度相似的城市区域时,人口聚集且集群密集的区域产生的ADVMT和排放量就会减少。此外,住宅与他们使用的商业区之间的平均距离较短也经常产生较少的排放物。研究结果还表明,高人口密度,就业集中度和更长的通勤时间也减少了车辆排放。;本研究还根据住宅发展情景模拟了车辆排放的变化。结果表明,与市区相比,郊区的住宅开发显着增加了VMT和车辆排放量;根据市区的VMT估算值和车辆排放量,根据市区情况存在一定的差异外形尺寸。此外,根据模拟,通过改变城市形态因素,减少了车辆排放的数量和成本,可带来显着的收益。这项研究通过独特的方法(包括传统因素)验证了VMT,车辆排放量和城市形态之间的关系。这项研究强调了人口分布和其他城市功能的重要性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Lee, Jae Choon.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Urban planning.;Environmental science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 228 p.
  • 总页数 228
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:42:51

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱:kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备:11010802029741号 ICP备案号:京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有
  • 客服微信

  • 服务号