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Firefighting in the New Economy: Changes in skill and the impact of technology.

机译:新经济中的消防:技能的变化和技术的影响。

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摘要

To better understand the shift in workers' skills in the New Economy, a case study of professional firefighters (n=42) was conducted using semi-structured interviews to empirically examine skill change and the impact of technology. A conceptual model was designed by both introducing new ideas and integrating traditional and contemporary social theory. The first component of this model categorized firefighters' skills according to the job-context in which they occurred, including: fire related emergencies, non-fire related emergencies, the fire station, and non-fire non-emergencies. The second component of this model drew from Braverman's (1998/1974) skill dimension concept and was used to identify both the complexity and autonomy/control-related aspects of skill in each job-context. Finally, Autor and colleagues' (2002) hypothesis was adapted to determine if routinized components of skill were either supplemented or complemented by new technologies.;The findings indicated that skill change among firefighters was clearly present, but not uniform across job-contexts. A substantial increase in both the complexity and autonomy/control-related skill dimensions was present in the non-fire emergency context (particularly due to increased EMS-related skills). In fire emergencies, some skills diminished across both dimensions (e.g., operating the engine's pump), yet others had a slight increase due to the introduction of new technologies. In contrast to these two contexts, the fire station and non-fire nonemergency job-contexts had less skill change.;Technology played a major role in the skill change experienced by firefighters. Surprisingly, aside from the introduction of computerized engine pumpers, the technology introduced did not diminish skill by replacing routinized tasks (Autor et al. 2002), and also did not create an overall decrease in firefighters' skill as would be suggested by Braverman (1998/1974). Instead new technologies tended to create new skills for firefighters, especially in the fire and non-fire emergency contexts. Similar to the consistent level of skill used in the fire station and non-fire non-emergency contexts, with only few exceptions (e.g., computers) technology's impact on firefighters' skill was found to be rather limited in these two dimensions. Using the tenets detailed in the conceptual model, a more elaborate understanding of skill change and technology's impact was able to be realized.
机译:为了更好地理解新经济中工人技能的转变,我们使用半结构化访谈对专业消防员(n = 42)进行了案例研究,以实证检验技能变化和技术的影响。通过引入新思想并整合传统和当代社会理论来设计概念模型。该模型的第一部分根据消防员的职业背景对消防员的技能进行了分类,包括:与火有关的紧急情况,与非火有关的紧急情况,消防局和非火非紧急情况。该模型的第二个组件来自Braverman(1998/1974)的技能维度概念,用于识别每个工作上下文中技能的复杂性以及与自治/控制相关的方面。最后,对Autor及其同事(2002)的假设进行了调整,以确定常规技能的组成部分是否被新技术补充或补充。研究结果表明,消防员之间的技能变化明显存在,但在不同的工作环境中并不一致。在非消防紧急情况下,复杂性和与自治/控制相关的技能范围都大大增加了(特别是由于与EMS相关的技能增加)。在火灾紧急情况下,某些技能在两个方面都减少了(例如,操作发动机的泵),而其他技能则由于引入了新技术而有所增加。与这两种情况相比,消防局和非消防非紧急工作环境的技能变化较少。技术在消防员经历的技能变化中起着主要作用。出人意料的是,除了引入计算机化的发动机加油机外,引入的技术并没有通过取代常规任务而降低技能(Autor等人,2002年),也没有像Braverman(1998年)所建议的那样,导致消防员的技能整体下降。 / 1974)。相反,新技术往往会为消防员创造新技能,尤其是在火灾和非火灾紧急情况下。与消防局和非消防非紧急情况下使用的一致技能水平相似,只有极少数例外情况(例如计算机),技术在这两个方面对消防员技能的影响相当有限。使用概念模型中详述的原则,可以实现对技能变更和技术影响的更详尽的理解。

著录项

  • 作者

    Ward, Brian W.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Maryland, College Park.;

  • 授予单位 University of Maryland, College Park.;
  • 学科 Labor relations.;Organizational behavior.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 335 p.
  • 总页数 335
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:37:11

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