首页> 外文学位 >Identification of optical spectral signatures for detecting cheat and ryegrass in winter wheat, and determination of optimum rate and growth stage of foliar applied phosphorus in corn.
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Identification of optical spectral signatures for detecting cheat and ryegrass in winter wheat, and determination of optimum rate and growth stage of foliar applied phosphorus in corn.

机译:确定用于检测冬小麦作弊和黑麦草的光谱特征,并确定玉米叶面施用磷的最佳速率和最佳生长阶段。

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摘要

Site specific weed management requires the identification of crop and weed species in a mixture. Reflectance spectra were used for the detection of cheat and ryegrass in winter wheat under greenhouse conditions. The three plant species and two nitrogen levels were arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications. Spectral readings were taken at Feekes 3 and 5 wheat growth stages using SD2000 spectrometer. Data were analyzed using a discriminant analysis procedure. The discriminant function with the band combinations 515/675, 555/675 and 805/815 resulted in the best overall correct classification (94%) of observations at Feekes 3 while for spectral data at Feekes 5 the discriminant function with the band combinations 755 and 855/675 resulted in 66.7% overall correct classification of observations. In several instances, ryegrass was classified as either cheat or wheat while cheat was classified as rye. Cheat was not classified as wheat in most of the instances. This suggests that it is possible to identify cheat in wheat using wavelength ratios developed from spectral readings in 10 nm bands between 500 and 860 nm.; Foliar applications of fertilizer phosphorus (P) could improve use efficiency by minimizing soil applications. Nine experiments were conducted at Efaw, Goodwell, Guymon, Lake Carl Blackwell, Perkins and Stillwater, OK in 2002 and 2003 to determine foliar phosphorus rates and appropriate application growth stages. Treatments comprised of ten factorial treatments combinations of three foliar P application timings and four rates of foliar P. Foliar application times were V4, V8 and VT corn growth stages. Foliar P rates were 0, 2, 4 and 8 kg P ha-1. Foliar P applied at VT growth stage improved grain and forage P concentration which was reflected in increased grain yield in some of the experiments. Foliar P rate of 8 kg ha-1 improved to some extent yields and largely forage and grain P concentration of corn more than the smaller rates although phosphorus use efficiency was high only with low foliar P rates. The results suggest that foliar P could be used as efficient P management tool in corn when applied at the appropriate growth stage and rate.
机译:特定地点的杂草管理要求鉴定混合物中的作物和杂草种类。反射光谱用于在温室条件下检测冬小麦中的作弊和黑麦草。以完全随机的设计安排了三种重复的三个植物物种和两个氮水平。使用SD2000光谱仪在Feekes 3和5小麦生长阶段获取光谱读数。使用判别分析程序分析数据。 515 / 675、555 / 675和805/815波段组合的判别函数在Feekes 3上获得了最佳的整体正确分类(94%),而对于Feekes 5的光谱数据,波段755和675的判别函数855/675得出观察结果总体正确分类的66.7%。在一些情况下,黑麦草被分类为作弊或小麦,而作弊则被分类为黑麦。在大多数情况下,作弊没有被归类为小麦。这表明可以使用从500到860 nm之间的10 nm波段的光谱读数得出的波长比率来识别小麦中的作弊。叶面喷施磷肥(P)可以通过减少土壤施用量来提高利用效率。在2002年和2003年分别在美国的Efaw,Goodwell,Guymon,Lake Carl Blackwell,Perkins和Stillwater进行了9个实验,以确定叶面磷的含量和适当的施用量。处理包括三个叶面施磷时间和四个叶面施磷率的十种因子处理组合。叶面施药时间为V4,V8和VT玉米生长阶段。叶面磷含量分别为0、2、4和8 kg P ha-1。在VT生长阶段施用叶面磷可以改善谷物和饲料中P的浓度,这在某些实验中反映为谷物产量的增加。尽管磷的利用效率仅在叶面磷含量低的情况下才高,但8kg ha-1的叶面磷含量在一定程度上提高了玉米的产量,并大大提高了玉米的草料和谷粒中磷的含量。结果表明,在适当的生长阶段和比例下,叶面磷可以用作玉米中有效的磷管理工具。

著录项

  • 作者

    Desta, Kefyalew Girma.;

  • 作者单位

    Oklahoma State University.;

  • 授予单位 Oklahoma State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Soil Science.; Agriculture Agronomy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 105 p.
  • 总页数 105
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 土壤学;农学(农艺学);
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:42:06

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