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Early-season management of twospotted spider mite on cotton and impacts of infestation timing on cotton yield loss.

机译:棉上两斑叶螨的早期季节管理以及侵染时间对棉花单产损失的影响。

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摘要

Historically, most twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, infestations occurred during the late season near maturity, but since 2005, infestations of cotton have become more common throughout the entire season. Several factors may have contributed to the increasing frequency of mites in seedling cotton, one of which is a shift in production practices from furrow applied aldicarb to neonicotinoid seed treatments for thrips control. Another factor that may impact T. urticae densities in seedling cotton is a shift from pre-plant tillage to conservation tillage or no-till cropping systems. Although the literature confirms that T. urticae can cause extensive cotton yield losses, there is a need to further refine potential late-season yield loss. From 2007 to 2009 a series of experiments were conducted to address these issues.;In a series of 12 field experiments, neonicotinoid seed treatments resulted in twospotted spider mite densities greater than those in the untreated check, aldicarb, and acephate treatments. Untreated check and aldicarb treatments had the lowest mite densities. Only aldicarb controlled mites compared to the untreated check.;A twospotted spider mite host survey determined that henbit, Lamium amplexicaule L., was the most consistent and preferred host. Carolina geranium, Geranium carolinianum L., cutleaf geranium, Geranium dissectum L., vetch, Vicia spp., volunteer soybean, Glycine max L., purple deadnettle, Lamium purpureum L., and spiny sowthistle, Sonchus asper (L.) Hill, were other frequently infested dicotyledonous species.;Herbicide burndown timing in reduced tillage cotton production was not critical, given all weeds were killed before cotton was planted. The herbicide glufosinate was efficacious against T. urticae, providing control equal to low- to mid-rates of labeled acaricides. Including glufosinate in a herbicide burndown program was only beneficial for mite control if living weeds were present at planting.;Artificial infestation experiments were adversely affected by unseasonably wet and cool weather. Infestations established at the third true leaf resulted in an average yield loss of 44.7%. It is difficult to make any conclusions about infestations made from first bloom and later because of the difficulty in establishing mite populations later in the season.
机译:从历史上看,大多数双斑蜘蛛螨(Tetranychus urticae Koch)在成熟期临近后期出现侵扰,但自2005年以来,在整个季节中,棉花侵扰变得更加普遍。几种因素可能导致幼苗棉螨的频率增加,其中之一是生产实践从犁row施用涕灭威改为控制烟蓟马的新烟碱种子处理。可能影响苗棉中荨麻疹密度的另一个因素是从种植前的耕作转向保护性耕作或免耕种植系统。尽管文献证实荨麻疹可造成棉花大量减产,但仍需要进一步完善潜在的后期减产。从2007年到2009年,进行了一系列实验来解决这些问题。在一系列的12个田间实验中,新烟碱类种子处理产生的两点红蜘蛛密度高于未经处理的支票,涕灭威和乙酰甲胺处理。未经处理的检查和涕灭威处理的螨虫密度最低。与未经处理的检查相比,只有涕灭威控制的螨虫。两次点检的螨虫寄主调查确定,雌性,虫(Lamium amplexicaule L.)是最一致和首选的寄主。卡罗来纳州天竺葵,天竺葵carolinianum L.,切叶天竺葵,天竺葵Disstum L.,v子,野豌豆属,志愿大豆,大豆Glycine max L.,紫色硬皮荨麻,紫草L.是其他经常出没的双子叶植物种类。减少耕作棉花产量的除草剂燃尽时间并不关键,因为所有杂草在种植棉花之前就被杀死了。草铵膦除草剂对荨麻疹有效,提供的控制水平与标记杀螨剂的中低剂量相当。如果在种植时存在活草,则在除草剂燃尽程序中包括草铵膦仅对控制螨虫有益。人工侵染实验受到异常潮湿和凉爽天气的不利影响。在第三片真叶上发生的侵染导致平均产量损失44.7%。由于初季开花后后期难以建立螨虫种群,因此很难下结论。

著录项

  • 作者

    Smith, John Frederick.;

  • 作者单位

    Mississippi State University.;

  • 授予单位 Mississippi State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Entomology.;Agriculture Plant Pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 135 p.
  • 总页数 135
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:36:42

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