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Dynamic Structural Deection Measurement with Range Cameras.

机译:测距相机的动态结构检测测量。

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摘要

Concrete beams are used to construct bridges and other structures. Years of traffic overloading and insufficient maintenance have left civil infrastructure such as bridges in a poor state of repair. Therefore, the structures have to be strengthened. Many options for the reinforcement exist such as fibre-reinforced polymer composites and steel plates can be added. The efficacy of such methods can be effectively evaluated through fatigue load testing in which cyclic loads are applied to an individual structural member under laboratory conditions. During the fatigue test, the deflection of concrete beam is very important parameter to evaluate the concrete beam. This testing requires the measurement of deflection in response to the applied loads. Many imaging techniques such as digital cameras, laser scanners and range cameras have been proven to be accurate and cost-effective methods for large-area measurement of deflection under static loading conditions. However, in order to obtain useful information about behaviour of the beams or monitoring real-time bridge deflection, the ability to measure deflection under dynamic loading conditions is also necessary. This thesis presents a relatively low-cost and high accuracy imaging technique to measure the deflection of concrete beams in response to dynamic loading with different range cameras such as time-of-flight range cameras and light coded range cameras.;Due to the time-of-flight measurement principle, even though target movement could lead to motion artefacts that degrade range measurement accuracy, the appropriate sampling frequency can be used to compensate the motion artefacts. The results of simulated and real-data investigation into the motion artefacts show that the lower sampling frequency results in the more significant motion artefact. The results from the data analysis of the deflection measurement derived from time-of-flight range cameras have been indicated that periodic deflection can be recovered with half-millimetre accuracy at 1 Hz and 3 Hz target motion. A preliminary analysis for light coded range cameras is conducted on dynamic deflection measurement. The results demonstrate that the depth measurements of Kinect light coded range cameras are unstable, which implied that it is not sufficient to meet the accuracy required for the dynamic structural deflection measurement.
机译:混凝土梁用于建造桥梁和其他结构。多年的交通超载和维护不足,使民用基础设施(如桥梁)处于不良维修状态。因此,必须加强结构。存在许多用于增强的选项,例如纤维增强的聚合物复合材料和钢板。可以通过疲劳载荷测试有效地评估此类方法的有效性,该疲劳载荷测试是在实验室条件下将循环载荷施加到单个结构构件上的。在疲劳试验中,混凝土梁的挠度是评估混凝土梁非常重要的参数。该测试需要测量响应于所施加载荷的挠度。事实证明,许多成像技术(如数码相机,激光扫描仪和测距相机)是在静态载荷条件下进行大面积挠度测量的准确且经济高效的方法。但是,为了获得有关梁行为的有用信息或监视实时桥的挠度,在动态载荷条件下测量挠度的能力也是必需的。本文提出了一种相对低成本和高精度的成像技术,该技术可以测量不同时间范围的摄像机(例如飞行时间范围的摄像机和光编码范围的摄像机)响应于动态载荷而产生的混凝土梁的挠度。飞行测量原理,即使目标运动可能会导致运动伪像降低测距精度,但可以使用适当的采样频率来补偿运动伪像。对运动伪像的模拟和真实数据研究的结果表明,较低的采样频率会导致运动伪像更重要。从飞行时间距离摄像机获得的偏转测量数据分析的结果表明,可以在1 Hz和3 Hz的目标运动下以半毫米的精度恢复周期性偏转。对光编码测距相机进行了动态偏转测量的初步分析。结果表明,Kinect光编码测距相机的深度测量是不稳定的,这暗示它不足以满足动态结构挠度测量所需的精度。

著录项

  • 作者

    Qi, Xiaojuan.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Calgary (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Calgary (Canada).;
  • 学科 Geotechnology.
  • 学位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 138 p.
  • 总页数 138
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:41:18

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