A new methodology for building energy benchmarking: An approach based on clustering concept and statistical models.

摘要

Though many building energy benchmarking programs have been developed during the past decades, they hold certain limitations. The major concern is that they may cause misleading benchmarking due to not fully considering the impacts of the multiple features of buildings on energy performance. The existing methods classify buildings according to only one of many features of buildings – the use type, which may result in a comparison between two buildings that are tremendously different in other features and not properly comparable as a result.;This research aims to tackle this challenge by proposing a new methodology based on the clustering concept and statistical analysis. The clustering concept, which reflects on machine learning algorithms, classifies buildings based on a multi-dimensional domain of building features, rather than the single dimension of use type. Buildings with the greatest similarity of features that influence energy performance are classified into the same cluster, and benchmarked according to the centroid reference of the cluster. Statistical analysis is applied to find the most influential features impacting building energy performance, as well as provide prediction models for the new design energy consumption.;The proposed methodology as applicable to both existing building benchmarking and new design benchmarking was discussed in this dissertation. The former contains four steps: feature selection, clustering algorithm adaptation, results validation, and interpretation. The latter consists of three parts: data observation, inverse modeling, and forward modeling. The experimentation and validation were carried out for both perspectives. It was shown that the proposed methodology could account for the total building energy performance and was able to provide a more comprehensive approach to benchmarking. In addition, the multi-dimensional clustering concept enables energy benchmarking among different types of buildings, and inspires a new perspective to investigate building typology.