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Differential impact of commodification of agriculture on people's livelihoods and the environment in the Western Ghats of India: An extended environmental entitlement analysis.

机译:农业商品化对印度西高止山脉人民生计和环境的不同影响:扩展的环境权利分析。

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摘要

This study analyzed the differential impacts of commodification of agriculture on people's livelihoods and the environment in the Western Ghats of India. This study was conducted in Kodagu region of Western Ghats: a major coffee growing area in India. In this study, an extended environmental entitlement framework was developed and used to understand the institutional influence in livelihood outcomes of the social actors and the environmental transformations of the region. Tribal people and the coffee growers are the two socially differentiated actors considered in this study. This political ecology study used multiple methods including ethnography, vegetation study and remote sensing and GIS methods. The study found that peasants and tribal people became more vulnerable to market volatility after the global and national coffee institutional measures to regulate the market were removed. Furthermore, the creation of protected area reduced tribal people's access to forest products and increased their dependence on coffee labor market. This makes their livelihoods especially vulnerable to global coffee price fluctuations.; Commodification of agriculture also changed the land use and land cover patterns in Kodagu. While introduction of coffee led to conversion of large tracts of forests, price fluctuations after the introduction of open market for coffee forced the conversion of land under subsistence agriculture to commercial agriculture. Introduction of coffee entitlement mapping also resulted in tree density and species diversity change. Exotic tree species are becoming more common in coffee plots because there were fewer restrictions on cutting and marketing of these species compared to native tree species.; The Extended Environmental Entitlement Framework helps to analyze the complex relation between livelihoods and environmental changes without prioritizing either environmental or social factors in analysis. The framework also incorporates the spatial and temporal dynamic influence of institutions that act as "stimulants" or "barriers" in the process of entitlement mapping. The framework also helps to integrate social and environmental data collected from different methods. The dynamic nature of the framework allows political ecologists to adapt it to study issues relating to the livelihood dimensions of global environmental changes.
机译:这项研究分析了农业商品化对印度西高止山脉人民生活和环境的不同影响。这项研究是在西高止山脉的Kodagu地区进行的:该地区是印度的主要咖啡种植区。在本研究中,开发了扩展的环境权利框架,并用于理解制度对社会行为者的生计结果和该地区环境转变的影响。部落人和咖啡种植者是本研究中考虑的两个社会差异化参与者。这项政治生态学研究使用多种方法,包括人种志,植被研究以及遥感和GIS方法。该研究发现,在取消了全球和国家咖啡市场监管机构措施之后,农民和部落人民变得更加容易受到市场波动的影响。此外,建立保护区减少了部落人民获得森林产品的机会,并增加了他们对咖啡劳动力市场的依赖。这使他们的生计尤其容易受到全球咖啡价格波动的影响。农业商品化也改变了Kodagu的土地利用和土地覆盖方式。虽然引进咖啡导致大片森林的转化,但引进咖啡开放市场后的价格波动迫使自给自足农业的土地转为商业农业。引入咖啡权利制图还导致树木密度和物种多样性发生变化。外来树种在咖啡地中变得越来越普遍,因为与本地树种相比,对这些树种的切割和销售限制较少。扩展的环境权利框架有助于分析生计与环境变化之间的复杂关系,而无需在分析中优先考虑环境或社会因素。该框架还纳入了在权利映射过程中充当“刺激因素”或“障碍”的机构的时空动态影响。该框架还有助于整合从不同方法收集的社会和环境数据。该框架的动态性质使政治生态学家可以对其进行调整,以研究与全球环境变化的民生方面有关的问题。

著录项

  • 作者

    Ambinakudige, Shrinidhi.;

  • 作者单位

    The Florida State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Florida State University.;
  • 学科 Geography.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 192 p.
  • 总页数 192
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自然地理学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:40:35

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