Bose-Einstein condensation in a dilute rubidium-87 gas.

摘要

We present an apparatus for the study of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC), and discuss an experiment performed with it. The apparatus is constructed for the creation of dilute gaseous rubidium BEC using various cooling and trapping techniques such as magneto-optical trap, moving molasses, polarization gradient cooling and evaporation cooling forced by microwave transition. A BEC of 1x105 87Rb atoms can be created in 45 seconds with this apparatus.; Then we discuss an experiment of rotating BEC with small number of atoms in a newly configured optical lattice. In this optical lattice, there are many identical and independent 2D disk-shaped potential wells, each of which can be deformed elliptic and rotated around the symmetric axis of it. Compare to the other rotating BEC experiment, the ratio of the number of atoms to the number of angular momentum per atom can be much smaller and approach to order of one. This may lead us to the regime of the fractional quantum Hall effect.