Systematics of Spelobia Spuler (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae).

摘要

The genus Spelobia Spuler (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) is revised through the examination of over 35,000 specimens of Spelobia and the following species groups are recognized on the basis of morphological characters: S. clunipes species-group, S. dichaeta species-group, S. lucifuga species-group, S. maculipennis species-group, S. multihama species-group, S. occidentalis species-group, S. ordinaria species-group, S. pseudosetaria species-group, S. rimata species-group, S. semioculata species-group and S. smetanai species-group. Twenty-five new species of Spelobia are described. Females of S. acadiensis Marshall and S. multihama Marshall are described for the first time. One new combination, S. quadrisetosa (Malloch) comb. nov., is given. Separate keys to New World and Old World species of Spelobia are provided. The new species are as follows: S. acoma spec. nov., S. arytaina spec. nov., S. bessa spec. nov., S. chandleri spec. nov., S. costaricensis spec. nov., S. curtula spec. nov., S. cyrtosa spec. nov., S. dichaeta spec. nov., S. digitiverpa spec. nov., S. elacata spec. nov, S. gamba spec. nov., S. heathcotei spec. nov., S. longistemum spec. nov., S. mammillata spec. nov., S. nepalensis spec. nov., S. omega spec. nov., S. orientalis spec. nov., S. parabundans spec. nov., S. serripenis spec. nov., S. sherpae spec. nov., S. sibirica spec. nov., S. smetanai spec. nov., S. taiwanica spec. nov., S. trilinga spec. nov. and S. zeta spec. nov.; The genera Pullimosina Rohacek and Spinilimosina Rohacek were used as the outgroups to Spelobia. A cladistic analysis based on a matrix of 87 taxa and 50 characters was conducted.; The subgenus Eulimosina Rohacek is considered the sister group to [Spelobia (s.s.) + subgenus Bifronsina Rohacek]. The monophyly of the genus Spelobia Spuler is supported by a number of synapomorphies.; The phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of the genus Spelobia are discussed.