Wildlife utilization on private land: Understanding the economics of game ranching in South Africa.

摘要

Wildlife based land use has been spreading rapidly on private land of South Africa, as individuals harness the benefits of wildlife in semi-arid areas where traditional agricultural activities of livestock rearing and crop cultivation are challenged by the harsh agro-climatic conditions. Private game ranches represent an important avenue for contributing to economic growth and conservation of natural habitat. The purpose of this study is to better understand the financial and economic profitability of commercial wildlife enterprises on private reserves; and to assess the effects of the wildlife policy environment on rancher behavior. In-depth interviews with reserve managers and financial records from thirteen private game ranches in eastern Limpopo province were collected. The study applies Policy Analysis Matrix methodology and institutional analysis. Results indicate that games ranches are financially profitable and economically efficient. Game ranches also face challenges from an uncertain policy environment. Understanding the characteristics of private game reserves provides valuable information on the private and public incentives for wildlife utilization, and the contribution made by game reserves in the economy.