Project overview. The current study focuses on analyzing team flexibility by measuring entropy (wherehigher values correspond to system reorganization and lower values correspond to more stable systemorganization) across all-human teams and Human-Autonomy Teams (HAT). We analyzed teams in thecontext of a fully-fledged synthetic agent that acts as a pilot for a three-agent Remotely Piloted AircraftSystem (RPAS) ground crew. The synthetic agent must be able to communicate and coordinate with humanteammates in a constructive and timely manner to be effective. This study involved three heterogeneousteam members who had to take photographs of target waypoints and communicate via a text-basedcommunication system. The three team members’ roles were: 1) navigator provides information aboutflight plan with speed and altitude restrictions at each waypoint; 2) pilot adjusts altitude and airspeed tocontrol the Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA), and negotiates with the photographer about the currentaltitude and airspeed to take good photos for the targets; and 3) photographer screens camera settings, andsends feedback to other team members regarding the target photograph status. The three conditions differedbased on the manipulation of the pilot role: 1) Synthetic – the pilot was the synthetic agent, 2) Control – thepilot was a randomly assigned participant, and 3) Experimenter – the pilot was a well-trained experimenterwho focused on sending and receiving information in a timely manner. The goal of this study is to examinehow overall RPAS flexibility across HATs and all-human teams are associated with Team SituationAwareness (TSA).
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