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A Laue Lens for Nuclear Astrophysics

机译:劳埃·劳特镜头,用于核天体物理学

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摘要

Nuclear astrophysics presents an extraordinary scientific potential for the study of the most powerful sources and the most violent events in the Universe. In order to take full advantage of this potential, the next generation of instrumentation for this domain will have to achieve a factor of 10-100 improvement in sensitivity over present technologies. With the development of a Laue Lens we have taken up this challenge : gamma-rays are focused from the large collecting area of a crystal diffraction lens onto a very small detector volume. As a consequence, the background noise is extremely low, making possible unprecedented sensitivities. The detector, a solid state Compton Camera, provides high spectral and angular resolution, and the capability of measuring the polarization of the incident photons. Based on the measured performance of our prototype gamma-ray lens CLAIRE, a mission concept of a space borne Laue lens telescope is outlined. A Laue lens telescope addresses a wide range of fundamental astrophysical questions such as the life cycles of matter and the behavior of matter under extreme conditions. Amongst the primary scientific objectives of a Laue lens telescope is the study of type Ⅰa supernovae by measuring intensities, shifts and shapes of their nuclear gamma-ray lines. Moreover, the sensitive gamma-ray line spectroscopy performed with a Laue lens telescope is expected to clarify the nature of galactic microquasars (e~-e~+ annihilation radiation from the jets), neutron stars and pulsars, X-ray Binaries, AGN, solar flares and gamma-ray afterglow from gamma-burst counterparts.
机译:核天体物理学为研究宇宙中最强大的来源和最剧烈的事件提供了非凡的科学潜力。为了充分利用这一潜力,该领域的下一代仪器必须比现有技术的灵敏度提高10-100倍。随着劳厄透镜的发展,我们已经迎接了这一挑战:伽马射线从晶体衍射透镜的大收集区域聚焦到很小的检测器体积上。结果,背景噪声极低,从而使空前的灵敏度成为可能。该探测器为固态康普顿相机,具有高光谱和角分辨率,并具有测量入射光子极化的能力。根据我们的原型伽马射线透镜CLAIRE的测量性能,概述了星载Laue透镜望远镜的任务概念。 Laue透镜望远镜解决了各种各样的基本天体物理学问题,例如物质的生命周期和在极端条件下的物质行为。 Laue透镜望远镜的主要科学目的之一是通过测量其核伽玛射线线的强度,位移和形状来研究Ⅰa型超新星。此外,使用劳厄(Laue)透镜望远镜执行的灵敏伽马射线谱仪有望阐明银微类星体(射流的电子〜灭),中子星和脉冲星,X射线双星,AGN,太阳爆发和伽玛射线爆发对应的伽玛射线余辉。

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