Hardware in the loop tests on eleven solar and heat pump heating systems

摘要

Eleven heating systems that combine combistores with solar thermal collectors and heat pumps have beenrntested and evaluated as a whole by detailed measurements in a laboratory with the Concise Cycle Test (CCT).rnThis hardware in the loop test utilizes the boundary conditions of climate and a typical load from a referencernyear in a representative 12-day test cycle. The complete systems were installed on a test rig that emulates arnbuilding and the tested systems acted autonomously to cover the heat demand for space heating and domesticrnhot water. The tests gave important insights into the behavior and the performance of these heating systemsrnunder transient operating conditions. One of the core findings is that the hydraulics and control strategy haverna big influence on the temperature level of the heat pump condenser – and therefore also on the exergeticrnperformance and the performance factor of the systems.