A Bis-quaternary Ammonium Salt from Rosin and Its Application

摘要

In the paper, rosin was used as raw material to produce a rosin Gemini surfactant, bisquaternary ammonium salt (BQA). The preparing process could be described as: firstly, the rosin was modified to be added a carboxylic acid group by reaction with acrylic acid; secondly, the intermediate was obtained from Ⅰ reaction of the modified rosin with epoxy chlorpropane; thirdly, the intermediate reacted with dimethylamine in the mole ratio of 1:3, the reaction time of 4.5h at 80 ℃. By this way the intermediate Ⅱ was synthesized. Finally the intermediate Ⅱ reacted with the epoxy chloropropane and distilled water in the mole ratio of 1:3:3, the reaction time of 4.5h at 80. Liquid chromatography (LC) ℃ analysis proved that the purity of the product was 90.8% and the yield of BQA was 67%. The chemical structure of this rosin derivative as a BQA was also conformed by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. As Gemini surfactant, the surface activities of the product were characterized. Its critical micellar concentration (CMC) was 4.0×10-4mol/l. Its foaming power of the product was 250mm at 0s, 200mm at 5min. The emulsifying power of the product was 56min. Since the product has good surface activities and it is obtained easily from rosin. It has a promising future as a surfactant.