REDUCTION OF FIRE HAZARDS DOWNWIND OF WIND-DRIVEN FIRES BY TREE BARRIERS PART II: FLOW AND TEMPERATURE FIELD INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE WIND-DRIVEN FIRES AND THE DOWNWIND TREE OR SOLID BARRIERS

摘要

In large urban fires, such as those due to major earthquakes, there is a strong need for safe open spaces for the purpose of people evacuation and providing a base for fire-fighting activities. The authors' earlier preliminary study revealed that by placing tree barriers in upwind locations of parks or schoolyards it is possible and feasible to provide low-temperature wake zones behind the tree barriers for such purposes. This paper describes the temperature and velocity reductions in the downwind open spaces with and without barriers of trees or walls, together with the comparison between the laboratory experiments and 3-D numerical simulations. It was found experimentally that the tree barriers could create an extended lower-temperature and velocity wake zone behind the barrio-, and numerically that the computed results correspond well with what were observed in the experiments.