Dependence of vertical cavity surface emitting laser diodes with integrated micro-fluidic channels on fluid refractive index

摘要

We report for the first time an electrically pumped vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) with a microfluidic channel as an integral part of the laser cavity to form a photonic biosensor. This paper demonstrates the dependence of threshold current and slope efficiency of the laser diode on the refractive index of the fluid in the channel.