Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Velocity as an Indicator of Attentional Load and Attentional Resource Depletion in the Laparoscopic Training Environment

摘要

Laparoscopies require surgeons to perform surgery while viewing their actions and the target tissue on a video monitor. This surgical approach has advantages for patients on a variety of outcome measures (Cuschierie, 1995; McGreevy et al., 2003; Rattner, 1999; Varela, Wilson, & Nguyen, 2010). Yet, compared to traditional surgical methods, the laparoscopic environment places unique demands upon surgeons. The requirement that surgeons view their actions, instruments, and the surgical site indirectly on a monitor has been shown to induce perceptual-motor distortions and disruptions of hand-eye mapping. These perceptual disturbances have been associated with increases in attentional load/workload, as indicated by an increase in global NASA TLX scores, especially when the camera must be positioned to the surgeon's side (Klein, Riley, Warm, & Matthews, 2005).